重庆大学19春《大学英语（4）》练习题
大学英语（4）练习题1.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]为了让人们更好地记住年份，我们的祖先用12只动物来代表年份。即“十二生肖”(Chinese Zodiac)。每一年由一种动物代表，每隔12年进行一个循环，从鼠开始，以猪为结尾。每一种动物还有其独特的文化内涵 (cultural connotation}。例如，牛年出生的人据说“勤奋、冷静、可靠”，虎年出生的人则“强大、勇敢、但又急躁”。十二生肖在亚洲的其他国家，如韩国和日本也很流行。
正确答案:——In order to remember the years more easily, our ancestors used twelve animals to represent the years, which is called the "Chinese Zodiac". Every year is represented by an animal and every 12 years comes in a circle beginning with Rat and ending with Pig. Each animal has its unique cultural connotations. For example, a person born in the Year of Ox is said to be hardworking, calm, and reliable, while the person born in the Year of Tiger is powerful, brave, and impatient. The Chinese Zodiac remains popular as well in other Asian countries, such as Korea and Japan.——
2.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]京剧(Beijing Opera)是中国的国粹。作为一门古老的艺术，京 剧的服装（costume)、脸谱(facial mask)更易被人喜爱。不同的服装 类型反映不同的人物身份特征。富贵者的服装缀满精美的刺绣;穷困 者的服装则简单朴素，少有装饰(elemental)。脸谱是京剧中塑造人物 形象的重要手段，它是用不同的颜色在脸上勾画出来的。脸谱的颜 色让人一看便知角色(portray)的善恶。比如白色代表奸诈(treachery)， 黑色代表正直不阿，黄色是骁勇，蓝、绿色多用于绿林好汉(rebellious fighters)，金、银色多用于神佛(divinity and Buddhism)等。
正确答案:——Beijing Opera is the cream of the Chinese culture. As a traditional art form, its costumes and facial mask are more popular with people. Different styles of costumes are used to reflect the status of different characters. There are more decorations in the costumes of nobles，while those of the poor tend to be simple and less elemental. Facial masks can reflect qualities of different characters. Facial masks using different colors are important ways to portray a character. People can tell a hero from a villain by the colors of the masks. In general，white usually represents treachery, black represents righteousness, yellow represents bravery, blue and green represent rebellious fighters，while gold and silver represent divinity and Buddhism.——
3.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]大熊猫是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛。因其数量稀少，大熊猫已被列为濒危物种。大熊猫对于世界自然基金会有着特殊的意义。自1961年该基金会成立以来，大熊猫就一直是它的徽标。大熊猫是熊科中最稀有的成员，主要生活在中国西南部的森林里。目前，世界上大约有1000只大熊猫。这些以竹为食的动物正面临许多威胁。因此，确保大熊猫的生存比以往更重要。
正确答案:——The giant panda is a kind of gentle animal with a black-and-white coat. It has been listed as an endangered animal due to its very limited number. The giant panda is of great significance to WWF (World Wide Fund For Nature). The panda has been its symbol since its establishment in 1961. The giant panda is the rarest animal of the bears, mainly living in the forests in southwest of China. Now, there are approximately 1,000 giant pandas. The animal that mainly eats bamboo is facing many threats. Therefore, to ensure its safety is of greater importance than before。——
4.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]丝绸之路(the Silk Road)是历史上连接中国和地中海的一条重要 贸易路线。因为这条路上的丝绸贸易占绝大部分，所以在1877年它 被德国的一位地理学家命名为“丝绸之路”。这条古道从长安开始， 经过河西走廊(the Hexi Corridor),到达敦煌后分成三条：南部路线， 中部路线和北部路线。这三条路遍布新疆维吾尔自治区(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region)，然后扩展到巴基斯坦(Pakistan)，印度， 甚至罗马。
5.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]随着中国的改革开放，如今很多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼。新娘在婚礼上穿着白色婚纱，因为白色被认为是纯洁的象征。然而，在中国传统文化中，白色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色。因此务必记住，白花一定不要用作祝人康复的礼物，尤其不要送给老年人或危重病人。同样，礼金也不能装在白色信封里，而要装在红色信封里。
6.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]四合院是从明代的北京延续下来的古典建筑风格的住宅。四合院之间的狭窄的街道被称为“胡同”。一个四合院有园林包围着四个房子，有高高的围墙保护。四合院与胡同都是人们常见到的，有超过700多年的历史，但是由于现在的城市改造和中国经济的发展， 四合院慢慢地从北京消失。
7.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]胡同(Hutong)是北京的一大特色，有着与北京城一样久远的历史。最早的胡同出现在元朝(the YuanDynasty)，如今大部分胡同是在明清时代(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)形成的。据专家考证，“胡同”一词源 干蒙古语(Mongolian)的“井”。自古以来胡同都是北京城里普通市民生息的场所，可以说是北京平民文化的代表。但随着人口的增加，很多古老的胡同已经消失，取而代之的是现代化的却没有特色的高楼大厦。
8.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]风水(Fengshui)是一门使人与环境达到和谐的艺术，是中国哲学在环境上的反映。人们相信自然环境影响人的命运。他们期望通过调整建筑的设计与布局，达到人与环境和谐，并使人得益于环境。风水也有迷信（superstition）的一面。如今风水在中国城市的年轻人中已不太时兴，但在中国的农村、香港、台湾地区以及新加坡和马来西亚，风水仍然流行。
9.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]功夫(Kung Fu)是中国武术（martial arts）的俗称。中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要、狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练。它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练。它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素。作为中国的国宝，功夫有上百种不同的同格，是世界上练得最多的武术形式。有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些则受到了中国哲学思想、神话和传说的启发。
10.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]越来越多的中国年轻人正对旅游产生兴趣，这是近年来的新趋势。年轻游客数量的不断增加，可以归因于他们迅速提高的收入和探索外部世界的好奇心。随着旅行多了，年轻人在大城市和著名景点花的时间少了，他们反而更为偏远的地方所吸引。有些人甚至选择长途背包旅行。最近调查显示，很多年轻人想要通过旅行体验不同的文化、丰富知识、拓宽视野。
11.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。构成现代世界基础的许多元素起源于中国。中国现在拥有世界上发展最快的经济，并正经历着一次新的工业革命。中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划，其中包括到2020年建成的一个太空站。目前，中国是世界最大的出口国之一，并正在吸引大量外国投资。同时，它也在海外投资数十亿美元。2011年，中国超越日本成为世界第二大经济体。
12.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]道教(Taoism)是中国土生土长的宗教，已经影响了中国人两千多年。道教有三个起源，最古老的是“黄帝”（Yellow Emperor）传说。第二个来源是庄子的作品。但最著名的是老子的《道德经》。道家强调自由、自然、修身养性(self-cultivation)，甚至追求永生(immortality)。道教对中国文化的许多领域都产生了深刻而持久的影响，包括艺术、哲学、医学和美食，并在东亚地区广泛流传。
13.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]假日经济的现象表明：中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据，中国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。同时，中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日经济中正变得成熟。因此产品结构应做相应调整，来适应社会的发展。另一方面，服务质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。
14.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]中国传统婚礼反映着中国的哲学思想。婚礼上总是用红色的东西来表达祝福和尊重。这是因为中国人将红色看作是幸福、成功和好运的象征。婚姻不仅是一对新人的结合，也象征着两个家庭的结合。邀请亲朋好友来参加婚礼体现着人与人之间的关系和礼节(formality)。婚礼上奏乐的声音通常很响，响到足以让自然“听到”，同时也证明婚姻的重要性。
15.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]中国父母往往过于关注孩子的学习，以至于不要他们帮忙做家务。他们对孩子的（唯一）要求就是努力学习，考得好，能上名牌大学。他们相信这是为孩子好，因为在中国这样（竞争）激烈的社会里，只有成绩好才能保证前途光明。中国父母还认为，如果孩子能在社会上（取得）大的成就，父母就会受到尊敬。因此，他们愿意牺牲自己的时间、爱好和兴趣，为孩子（创造）更好的条件。
16.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。“黄”这个字描述的是其河水浑浊的颜色。黄河发源于青海，流经九个省份，最后注入渤海。黄河是中国赖以生存的几条河流之一。黄河流域（river basin）是中国古代文明的诞生地，也是中国早期历史上最繁荣的地区。然而，由于极具破坏力的洪水频发，黄河曾造成多次灾害。在过去几十年里，政府采取了各种措施防止灾害发生。
17.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]智能手机日益渗入人们的生活。许多年轻人似乎一刻也离不开它。在大街上，经常可以看到一些年轻人不停地用智能手机拍照，添加一段说明，然后放到微博(microblog)或微信(WeChat)上。的确，智能手机为人们的沟通提供了前所未有的便利：它让人们能随时随地与朋友互动，分享新鲜事。但是，相关学者对此也表示了担忧。因为智能手机反而使身边的人疏远了。
18.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]中国的互联网社区是全世界发展最快的，2010年，中国约有4.2亿网民，而且人数还在迅速增长。互联网的日渐流行带来了重大的社会变化。中国网民往往不同于美国网民。美国网民更多的是受实际需要的驱使，用互联网为工具发电子邮件、买卖商品、做研究、规划旅程或付款。中国网民更多是出于社交原因使用互联网，因而更广泛的使用论坛、博客、聊天室等等。
19.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]中国人一直以自己是龙的传人(descendent)为豪。这种情感在中国文化和社会的各个方面都有所体现。从远古时代起，龙就被看作是具有庇佑能力并能影响人们生活的动物。古代的皇帝被看作是“真龙天子”，象征着尊严和权力。在民间流传着许多关于龙的传说和故事。还有各种与龙相关的民俗活动，其中最受欢迎的就是赛龙舟(Dragon Boat Race)。
20.[篇章翻译（汉译英）]云南省的丽江古镇是中国著名的旅游目的地之一。那里的生活节奏比大多数中国（的城市）都要缓慢。丽江到处都是美丽的自然风光，众多的少数民族同胞提供了各式各样，丰富多彩的文化让游客体验。历史上，丽江还以“爱之城”而闻名。当地人中流传着许多关于（人）生，为爱而死的故事。如今，在中外游客眼中，这个古镇被视为爱情和浪漫的天堂。
21.[语法结构]Will you tell me something about your sister Kitty? （ ）
22.[语法结构]The citizens had no food supply when all the ( ) to this city had been cut off.
23.[语法结构]Will you tell me something about your sister Kitty? （ ）
24.[语法结构]Tony, a student ( ) from New York, received warm welcome from his new classmates and teacher.
25.[语法结构]Five hundred college students are interviewed to get accurate data for the ( ) about what are the hottest jobs to college graduates.
26.[语法结构]While she was tiding up the living room, she（ ） her old photograph album.
27.[语法结构]We will still have to practice economy,（ ） our income for this year has risen 30 percent compared with that of last year.
28.[语法结构]If the traffic plan ( ), it will be applied to other cities too.
29.[语法结构]The bus ( ) and stopped to allow the passenger to get on board.
30.[语法结构]It's useless to ( ) her that she doesn't need to lose any weight.
31.[语法结构]Three people were killed in this car ( ) happened last week.
32.[语法结构]Welcome to our department, Dick. （ ）
33.[语法结构]This part of the city has been ( )as a shopping area.
34.[语法结构]Am I seriously ill? （ ）
35.[语法结构]The bald eagle ( )the United States.
36.[语法结构]What are you busy with?（ ）
37.[语法结构]If you ( ) a crime, you must expect to be punished.
38.[语法结构]Two women were the other people on the platform.
39.[语法结构]Many children have to drop out of school because their families cannot ( ) the tuition.
40.[语法结构]We could have gone on a picnic if the weather ( ) nice.
41.[语法结构]The company is ( ) great hardship. If handled incautiously, it will bankrupt.
42.[语法结构]Leaders of the two countries hold the view that the national visit will ( ) understanding between their people.
43.[语法结构]All the roommates welcome Mary's suggestion that they ( ) only English in their dormitory.
44.[语法结构]The ( ) of the sailboat cooperated well with each other and won the champion of the contest.
45.[语法结构]It is universally ( ) that dogs have an acute sense of smell.
46.[语法结构]The evidence collected by the police point that the suspect was ( )and did not commit any crime.
47.[语法结构]Excuse me, is this the place for English Corner? （ ）
48.[语法结构]My grandmother's taken ill and I've got to go down to the hospital. （ ）
49.[语法结构]College isn't the only place ( ) information exists.
50.[语法结构]The whole army has been .
51.[语法结构]In high school there were periods ( ) I was highly focused on writing software.
52.[语法结构]Excuse me, how can I get to the Dodak Company? （ ）
53.[语法结构]The losing candidate accepted the result of the election .
54.[语法结构]Nobody ( ) the idea that the earth is flat until Copernicus (哥白尼) raised his theory.
55.[语法结构]Doing the same thing at the same time, the old-fashioned teacher ( )adhere to his daily routine.
56.[语法结构]This company ( ) that it had made a profit of $107 billion by the end of this year, however, most of the share holders did not believe it.
57.[语法结构]I have a ( ) headache. I have to see the doctor.
58.[语法结构]If Father scolds you, it's ( ) he wants you to set your mind on study.
59.[语法结构]What a nice surprise? What brings you here? （ ）
60.[语法结构]I ( )an old friend of mine when I went shopping in supermarket.
61.[语法结构]If the government had dealt with the crisis properly, inflation ( ) to stay at high level.
62.[语法结构]France Viuard an excellent political speaker but she was also among the first members of the populist party.
63.[语法结构]It was reported that 41 people were killed in a plane ( ) in the Himalayas last week.
64.[语法结构]I soon ( ) myself in the rediscovered pleasures of the game.
65.[语法结构]Some type of instrument has been known to painters since the early Stone Age.
66.[语法结构]That man alone over there—who is he?（ ）
67.[语法结构]Tell me, Meng. What’s your major? （ ）
68.[语法结构]It was not until recently ( ) we learned the famous film star would marry that politician.
69.[语法结构]The football match went on ( ) it was raining.
70.[语法结构]To ( ) the problem of overcrowding which exists in many hospitals, new hospitals will be built.
71.[语法结构]This train is ( ) for Shanghai at 6: 20 this evening.
72.[语法结构]Tom spent the summer holidays in college, during ( ) time he took a part-time job and read many literary books as well.
73.[语法结构]You can take a trip to Beijing ( ) your performance in the final exams is good.
74.[语法结构]You should judge by yourself, and not always follow your brother’s ( ).
75.[语法结构]She was on a plane ( ) Moscow when she fell ill.
76.[语法结构]Gradually he ( )to realize what he had said that day was wrong.
77.[语法结构]We should work hard and ( )our parents’ expectation.
78.[语法结构]I ( )when I heard what he said.
79.[语法结构]The Robinsons have a large garden, ( ) they never have to buy vegetables.
80.[语法结构]On the morning of the test, I awoke with chills and a fever,( ), I took the test and got an A.
81.[语法结构]These scholarships are only ( ) to the students who are really talented in physics.
82.[语法结构]Had he worked harder, he ( ) the exams.
83.[语法结构]( ) Superman, Christopher was dashing, handsome, and strong.
84.[语法结构]It seems to me you are a good sportsman, aren’t you? （ ）
85.[语法结构]Thousands of soldiers are ( ) working to food and blankets to the refugees.
86.[语法结构]The graduate school will consider the applicants according to their GRE score and ( ) record
87.[语法结构]Things will （ ） if you will just be patient.
88.[语法结构]If he needs any further information, ( ) him to me.
89.[语法结构]If it had not snowed yesterday, we ( ) on the way to Shanghai now.
90.[语法结构]( ) with the talk show, I dozed off.
91.[阅读理解]A lot of us lose life’s tough battles by starting a frontal attack—when a touch of humor might well enable us to win．Consider the case of a young friend of mine，who hit a traffic jam on his way to work shortly after receiving an ultimatum about being late on the job．Although there was a good reason for Sam’s a being late—serious illness at home—he decided that this by-now-familiar excuse wouldn’t work any longer．His supervisor was probably already pacing up and down preparing a dismissal speech． Yes，the boss was．Sam entered the office at 9：35．The place was as quiet as a locker room；everyone was hard at work．Sam’s supervisor came up to him．Suddenly，Sam forced a grin and stretched out his hand．“How do you do！” he said．“I’m Sam Maynard．I’m applying for a job，which，I understand，became available just 35 minutes ago．Does the early bird get the worm？” The room exploded in laughter．The supervisor clamped off a smile and walked back to his office．Sam Maynard had saved his job—with the only tool that could win，a laugh． Humor is a most effective，yet frequently neglected，means of handling the difficult situations in our lives．It can be used for patching up differences，apologizing，saying “no”，criticizing，getting the other fellow to do what you want without his losing face．For some jobs，it’s the only tool that can succeed．It is a way to discuss subjects so sensitive that serious dialog may start a quarrel．For example，many believe that comedians on television are doing more today for racial and religious tolerance than people in any other forum．
1 Why was Sam late for his job？
A.Because he was ill．
B.Because he got up late．
C.Because he was caught in a traffic jam．
D.He was busy applying for a new job．
2 The main idea of this passage is ________．
A.Sam Maynard saved his job with humor
B.humor is important in our lives
C.early bird gets the worm
D.humor can solve racial discriminations
3 The phrase “clamped off” in Paragraph 3 means ________．
A.tried to hold back
B.tried to set
C.Charged
D.gave out
4 Which of the following statements can we infer from the passage？
A.Many lose life’s battles for they are lacking in a sense of humor
B.It wasn’t the first time that Sam came late for his work
C.Sam was supposed to come to his office at 8：30
D.Humor is the most effective way of solving problems
92.[阅读理解]The new studies show that fewer than half of the 9th graders in many of the nation’s largest cities，ever graduate．The studies clearly show that the dropout rate isn’t dropping．And，in particular，the dropout rate isn’t dropping for poor and minority students． Amazingly，though so many people regret the rising dropout rate，our schools continue to lack formal plans—or any plans—about students’ motivation．Most schools have no game plans to ensure that students understand that school will be completely necessary．Schools expect the children to act as the school is important，but they never teach them to believe that． Years ago，families ensured that the offspring recognized the value of school．But in many modern families，the children may fail to recognize the importance of school life just because these families may actually tell the children that school is not important．Since many families are not motivating their children to be interested students，young professionals，like teachers，may need to provide this training．Otherwise，it is likely that the dropout rate will continue to not drop，but only worsen． Here are some strategies to convince even the most apathetic students that they must stay in school． Ask students if they will ever need to work：The world has changed．100 years ago，factory work was the booming job，and it required no education．Today，factories are increasingly automated．Most computerrelated jobs require education and at least a high school diploma． Ask students which century they will be prepared for：In 1900，the most common jobs were farm laborer and domestic servant—education not needed．Now，the most common jobs are office and sales worker—education and diploma usually needed．6 out of 10 people today work in a store or an office． Ask students to devise a way that the employee could be replaced．For example，the coming trend in fast food is to use computers rather than people to run the restaurant．A prototype is apparently already being tested．The students should discover that most jobs that lack education and diploma requirements will be ripe for automation．
5 By saying “the dropout rate isn’t dropping”，the author means to say that ________．
A.most of the 9th graders can afford to go to school
B.quite a few of the 9th graders can graduate
C.the majority of the 9th graders cannot graduate
D.the minority of the 9th graders can’t graduate
6 The author’s attitude towards the schools is ________．
A.Criticism
B.Praise
C.Ignoring
D.Support
7 With the help of some professionals，________．
A.fewer students may stay in schools
B.some parents will be more convinced of their children’s future
C.the dropout rate in schools may drop
D.all the kids problems should be solved
8 What does the underlined word “offspring” probably mean？
A.friends
B.Students
C.Children
D.Parents
9 5．According to the passage，________ doesn’t need education．
A.an automation job of today
B.a computerrelated job now
C.an office job at present
D.a domestic servant’s job in 1900
93.[阅读理解]Grandma Moses is among the most famous twentieth-century painters of the United States，yet she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies．As she once said to herself：" I would never sit back in a rocking chair，waiting for someone to help me．" No one could have had a more productive old age． She was born Anna Mary Robertson on a farm in New York State，one of five boys and five girls．At twelve she left home and was in domestic service until，at twenty-seven，she married Thomas Moses，the hired hand of one of her employers．They farmed most of their lives，first in Virginia and then in New York State，at Eagle Bridge．She had ten children，of whom five survived；her husband died in 1927． Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery pictures as a hobby，but only changed to oils in old age because her hands had become too stiff to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time．Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought everything she painted．Three of the pictures exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art，and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York．Between the 1930's and her death，she produced some 2，000 pictures：detailed and lively portrayals of the country life she had known for so long，with a wonderful sense of color and form．"I think really hard till I think of something really pretty，and then I paint it" she said．
10 1．According to the passage，Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to________．
A.make herself beautiful
B.keep active
C.earn more money
D.become famous
11 Grandma Moses spent most of her life________．
A.Nursing
B.painting
C.embroidering
D.Farming
12 2．The underlined word “portrayals ”means________．
A.Descriptions
B.Expressions
C.explanations
D.impressions
13 From Grandma Moses' description of herself in the first paragraph，it can be inferred that she was________．
A.independent
B.Pretty
C.rich
D.Nervous
14 Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？
A.Grandma Moses：Her Life and Pictures
B.The Children of Grandma Moses
C.Grandma Moses：Her Best Exhibition
D.Grandma Moses and Other Older Artists
94.[阅读理解]About 21，000 young people in 17 American states do not attend classes in school buildings． Instead，they receive their elementary and high school education by working at home on computers．The Center for Education Reform says the United States has 67 public “cyberschools．” and that is about twice as many as two years ago．The money for students to attend a cyberschool comes from the governments of the states where they live．Some educators say cyberschools receive money that should support traditional public schools．They also say it is difficult to know if students are learning well． Other educators praise this new form of education for letting students work at their own speed．These people say cyberschools help students who were unhappy or unsuccessful in traditional schools．They say learning at home by computer ends long bus rides for children who live far from school． Whatever the judgement of cyberschools，they are getting more and more popular．For example，a new cyberschool called Commonwealth Connections Academy will take in students this fall．It will serve children in the state of Pennsylvania from ages five through thirteen． Children get free equipment for their online education．This includes a computer，a printer，books and technical services．Parents and students talk with teachers by telephone or by sending emails through their computers when necessary． Students at cyberschools usually do not know one another．But 56 such students who finished studies at Western Pennsylvania Cyber Charter School recently met for the first time．They were guests of honor at their graduation．
15 1．What do we know from the text about students of a cyberschool？
A.They have to take long bus rides to school．
B.They study at home rather than in classrooms．
C.They receive money from traditional public schools．
D.They do well in traditional school programs．
16 What is a problem with cyberschools？
A.Their equipment costs a lot of money
B.They get little support from the state government
C.It is hard to know students' progress in learning
D.The students find it hard to make friends
17 Cyberschools are getting popular became _______．
A.they are less expensive for students
B.their students can work at their own speed
C.their graduates are more successful in society
D.they serve students in a wider age range
18 We can infer that the author of the text is _______．
A.unprejudiced in his description of cyberschools
B.excited about the future of cyberschools
C.doubtful about the quality of cyberschoois
D.disappointed at the development of cyberschools
95.[阅读理解]Every day we go to school and listen to the teacher，and the teacher will ask us some questions．Sometimes，the classmates will ask your opinions of the work of the class．When you are telling others in the class what you have found out about these topics，remember that they must be able to hear what you are saying．You are not taking part in a family conversation or having a chat with friends---you are in a slightly unnatural situation where a large group of people will remain silent，waiting to hear what you have to say．You must speak so that they can hear you---loudly enough and clearly enough but without trying to shout or appearing to force yourself． Remember，too，that it is the same if you are called to an interview whether it is with a professor of your school or a government official who might meet you．The person you are seeing will try to put you at your ease but the situation is somewhat different from that of a ordinary conversation．You must take special care that you can be heard．
19 When you speak to the class，you should speak ______．
A.as slowly as possible
B.in a low voice
C.Loudly
D.forcefully
20 Usually，when you speak to the class，the class is _______．
A.noisy
B.quiet
C.having a rest
D.serious
21 The situation in the class is ______ that in your house．
A.not very different from
B.sometimes the same as
C.sometimes not the same as
D.not the same as
22 If you are having a conversation with an official，the most important thing for you is
A.to show your ability
B.to be very gentle
C.to make sure that you can be heard
D.to put the official at ease
23 The main idea of this passage is ______．
A.that we should talk in different ways in different situations
B.that we must speak loudly
C.that we must keep silent at any time
D.that we must talk with the class
96.[阅读理解]you've probably read the books．You've probably seen the movies．But have you heard the music？The latest Harry Potter news is that bands have been forming to play what is called "wizard rock" or sometimes just "wrock．" The new kind of music began when Joe DeGeorge and his brother Paul decided that the characters from Harry Potter would make a great band．Ron on guitar，Hermione on bass，Hagrid on drums and Harry singing up front would make for an excellent group．In one day，the brothers wrote，practised and performed six songs about life at Hogwarts．After the first performance，Paul decided that "we're Harry and the Potters．" Wizard rock is pretty much what it sounds like：rock 'n' roll inspired by and set in the world of Harry Potter．The DeGeorges started a trend．Today，there are dozens of wizard-rock bands：the Whomping Willows，the Remus Lupins and the Moaning Myrtles to name a few．Rockers dress like Hogwarts students and play at conventions and festivals． People who like Harry Potter think wizard rock music is totally awesome．The songs can be funny，but the music is not a joke．It's serious．Just ask the DeGeorge brothers．They've played more than 500 shows in 49 states．They dress in Hogwarts house colors，and their hit songs are inspired by characters from the books："Save Ginny Weasley" and "Voldemort Can't Stop the Rock！" The themes of their music are the same as the themes of Rowling's books：love and friendship，upset and struggle． Wizard rock is just one more spin-off in the Harry Potter craze．Two years after J．K．Rowling published her last book in the series，Potter popularity continues to grow．There are Potter conventions and Potter clubs that try to get kids and grown-ups to help fight hunger，for example．And the fact that they may do it while humming "Wizard Chess" or "Platform 9" makes those meetings fun．
24 Which of the following is a band’s name？
A.Hermione．
B.The Whomping Willows．
C.Harry Potter．
D.Save Ginny Weasley．
25 2．Which of the following is wizard rock’s characteristic？
A.Funny and joking
B.Joking and serious
C.Funny and serious
D.Serious and dull
26 Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage？
A.The DeGeorge has been popular in the USA
B.People think highly of wizard rock
C.The wWizard rock is only popular among teenagers
D.Wizard rock’s themes are related to struggle
27 From the last paragraph，we can learn that ____________．
A.Harry Potter has had great effect on American’s music
B.Wizard rock has created another hit about Harry Potter
C.Harry Potter continues to be liked by its fans
D.J．K．Rowling will continue to write something about Harry Potter
97.[阅读理解]The development of Jamestown in Virginia during the second half of the seventeenth century was closely related to the making and use of bricks. There are several practical reasons why bricks became important to the colony. Although the forests could at first supply sufficient timber, the process of cutting trees or wood into timber was extremely difficult, particularly because of the lack of roads. Later, when the timber on the peninsula had been exhausted, wood had to be brought from some distance. Building stone was also in short supply. However, as clay was plentiful, it was inevitable that the colonists would turn to brick making.In addition to practical reasons for using brick as the principal construction material, there was also an ideological reason. Brick represented the long-lasting and permanent quality. The Virginia Company of London instructed the colonists to build hospitals and new residences out of brick. In 1662, the Town Act of the Virginia Assembly provided for the construction of thirty-two brick buildings and forbade the use of wood as a construction material. Had this law ever been successfully enforced, Jamestown would have been a model city. Instead, the citizens failed to completely obey the law; and by 1699 Jamestown had fallen into a pile of broken stones or bricks with only three of four houses left.
28 What is the main topic of this passage?____
A.The reason why Jamestown had fallen by 1699.
B.The use of bricks in Jamestown in the 17th century.
C.The development of Jamestown in the 17th century.
D.The law governing construction in Virginia in the 17th century.
29 Which of the following statements is NOT a reason for using bricks in construction?____
A.Wood had to be brought from some distance.
B.There was a great amount of clay available.
C.The process of cutting trees depended on good roads.
D.The timber was not of good quality.
30 By passing a law, the Virginia Assembly hoped to ____.
A.increase the manufacture of bricks
B.prevent the destruction of trees on the peninsula
C.establish a city that would last a long time
D.discourage the local people from building too many houses
31 It can be inferred from the passage that citizens in Jamestown preferred to use ____as their construction material.
A.stone
B.wood
C.clay
D.brick
32 According to the passage, what eventually happened to Jamestown?____
A.It became a model city.
B.It was almost completed.
C.It had no more residences.
D.It was practically destroyed.
98.[阅读理解]The first United States airmail stamp has an interesting story. Printed in 1918, this 24-cent stamp with a blue plane inside rose border became the center of much attention. One hundred of the stamps sold to the public became known as "inverts", for the plane was printed upside down. Singles of these "upside down" airmail stamps are now worth over $ 100,000.The story of these stamps began on May 14, 1918, the day after they were placed on sale. In Washington D. C., W. T. Robey, a man interested in stamps, decided to buy a sheet of the new stamps and so went to the New York Avenue branch post office in Washington. When the clerk handed him a sheet of the stamps, Robey noted that they were poorly centered. He looked at other sheets and found that none was well centered. The clerk asked Robey to return later in the day when more stamps were expected.About noon Robey came back, and the same clerk was on duty. He reached for the new sheets and handed one to Robey. The collector's heart stood still as he saw that the sheet which had been offered him had inverted centers.Excited by his find, Robey shopped other branch post offices for more sheets with inverted centers but found none. Then be told his friend of his discovery, and they, too, looked in the city's post offices - also in vain.Not being a rich man, Robey decided to cash in on his good fortune. He turned down the first offer of $ 500 from a Washington stamp shop owner and took the sheet to New York. There he planned to show it to a collector, Colonel E. H. R. Green, as well as to stamp dealers.Colonel Green was out of the city, and no one else wanted to bid on the sheet for fear that Robey's might not be the only upside down sheet. As the news of his great find spread, many people said that other such sheets had been found. These stories proved to be false.Robey left New York without having made a sale, and stopped in Philadelphia on the way home. There, dealer Eugene Klein arranged to buy the sheet for $ 15,000 and finally did buy it. Within a few days, Klein sold the sheet to Colonel Green, the same collector whom Robey had failed to contact in New York. There is a tale that the Colonel was in Texas at the time, and that Klein phoned him there and sold him the sheet, sight unseen, for $ 20,000! Robey's sheet had cost him $ 24, and his profit was $ 14,976 while Klein gained $ 5,000.Of the 100 stamps first bought by Mr. Robey, stamp collectors are now able to account for 96. What has happened to the others is not known. When a copy is offered for sale it is a major event in the stamp world. A block of four stamps has been sold for sale it is a major event in the stamp world. A block of four stamps has been sold for as much as $ 500,000. Few people have ever seen a copy. Yet no matter how much this valuable stamp is bought and sold, no owner can match the thrill that W. T. Robey had on that day in 1918 when he made America's luckiest stamp find!
33 This article is about ____.
A.the first-class stamps eighty years ago
B.revenue stamps in the United States
C.the first United States airmail stamps
D.special delivery stamps
34 These stamps were valuable because ____.
A.the centers of them were "upside down"
B.they were the wrong color
C.they were off center
D.there were so few of them
35 When Robey told his friends of the find, they ____.
A.tried to buy his stamps
B.also went to look for such stamps
C.reported Robey to the government
D.none of the above
36 Robey must be lying
A.Robey must be lying
B.there were no perfect ones
C.the stamps were no good
D.Robey's stamps would be worthless
37 Robey's stamps have seen by ____.
A.many people
B.no one
C.few people
D.everyone
99.[阅读理解]What makes a person a scientist？Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others？The answer is “no”．It isn't the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools which makes him a scientist．You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter．You will probably agree，too，that knowing how to investigate，how to discover information，is important to everyone．The scientist，however，goes one step further；he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer he gets to many questions is into a large set of ideas about how the world works． The scientist's knowledge must be exact．There's no room for half right or right just half the time．He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit．What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times．If the conditions are different，any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions． This is one reason why investigations are important in science．Albert Einstein，who developed the Theory of Relativity，arrived at this theory through mathematics．The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigation．Einstein's ideas were proved to be correct．A scientist uses many tools for measurements．Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations．
38 What makes a scientist according to the passage？
A.The tools he uses．
B.His ways of learning．
C.The way he uses his tools．
D.The various tools he uses．
39 “…knowing how to investigate，how to discover information，is important to everyone．”The writer says this to show_______．
A.the importance of information
B.the difference between scientists and ordinary people
C.the importance of thinking
D.the difference between carpenters and ordinary people
40 A sound scientific theory should be one that_______．
A.works under one set of conditions at one time and also works under the same conditions at other times
B.leaves no room for improvement
C.doesn't allow any change even under different conditions
D.can be used for many purposes
41 What is the main idea of the passage？
A.Scientists are different from ordinary people
B.The Theory of Relativity
C.Exactness is the core of science
D.Exactness and way of using tools are the keys to making of a scientist
100.[阅读理解]Are you planning a vacation? If you like hot and extremely dry summers, go to Phoenix, Arizona. For hot temperatures but lots of rain and thunderstorms, try Miami, Florida. If you want average temperatures and rainfall, St. Louis, Missouri, is the spot. Or if you're a cold weather fan, head to Fairbanks, Alaska. Its winters are very cold with little precipitation. Each of these cities has a certain type of weather. The average weather for a place over many years is called climate, and in no two places in the world is it exactly the same. How can this be?
Many things in nature, such as sunshine, temperature, and precipitation, affect climate. Nearness to mountain, oceans, and large lakes affects it too. Another factor is altitude, or height above sea level. Air cools as altitude increases. So a city at a higher altitude may be colder than one at a lower altitude. Finally, winds affect climate. They move heat and moisture between the oceans and continents. Winds keep the tropics from overheating. They keep the polar regions from getting overly cold.
Climate changes over long periods of time. Some scientists think, for example, that the earth's climate changed at the time of the dinosaurs. They think the dinosaurs died because of the change. What causes a climate to change? One possible cause may be changes in the sun. Sunspots, for example, are cool, dark spots that form on the sun. Sunspots may decrease precipitation on the earth and cause unusually dry periods. Changes in the atmosphere may change climate too. Volcanic eruptions, for instance, release solid particles into the air. These particles may form a cloud that blocks out the sun's heat. Human activity is another cause of climate change. Air pollution and the reduction of forest cover may have long-term effects on climate.
42 This passage is concerned with things that affect _________.
A.precipitation
B.climate
C.altitude
D.sunspots
43 Change in climate may have caused ___________.
A.dinosaurs to die
B.dark spots to form on the sun
C.volcanic eruption
D.air pollution
44 The effect of a volcanic eruption on climate may be to make it _________.
A.wetter
B.dryer
C.warmer
D.colder
45 To help readers understand how climate can change, the writer uses______.
A.examples
B.a story about the seashore
C.order of importance
D.a strong argument
46Which of the following is the place of greatest altitude on a mountain?
A.the foot of the mountain
B.8,500 feet up the mountain
C.the top of the mountain
D.15,785 feet up the mountain
101.[阅读理解]Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to say it well, but he wants it to be something which has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and understand –- he wants to teach them, and he wants them to learn from him.
What visual artists like painters want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to explain, because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors, out of the countless billions possible, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth showing to us. Without their work we should never have noticed these particular shapes and colors, or have felt the delight which they brought to the artist.
Most artists take their shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies in motion and repose; their choices indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful sights. Contemporary artists might say that they merely choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. Yet even they do not choose entirely without reference to the character of their subjects.
If one painter chooses to paint gangrenous leg and another a lake in moonlight, each of them is directing our attention to a certain aspect of the world. Each painter is telling us something, showing us something, emphasizing something—all of which means that, consciously or unconsciously, he is trying to teach us.
47 It is hard to explain what a painter is saying because_______
A.most painters do not express themselves well
B.a painter uses unusual words and phrases
C. a painter uses shapes and colors instead of words
D.many painters do not say anything
48 An artist’s choice of shapes and colors indicates that he believes them to be ____
A.meaningful in themselves
B.merely beautiful
C.a reflection of his experiences
D.worth looking at
49 The writer says that contemporary artists might say their choice of subject _____.
A.carries a message to the public
B.only provides interesting patterns
C.has no pattern of form
D.teaches the public important truths
50 The writer says that contemporary art contains ______.
A.nothing but meaningless patterns
B.uninteresting aspects of the world
C.subjects chosen partly for their meaning
D.completely meaningless subjects
51 The passage implied that_________.
A.A painting is more easily understood than a symphony
B.Art is merely the arranging of shape and color
C.Every artist tries to say something to the public
D.One must look beyond shape and color to find what the artist is saying
102.[阅读理解]Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. This they do by issuing stocks and shares in the business through the Stock Exchange. By doing so they can put into circulation the savings of individuals and institutions, both at home and overseas.When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money.Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Government or by local authorities. Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railway, this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The Government, local authorities, and nationalized industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to the Stock Exchange.There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another this new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance.
52 Almost all companies involved in new production and development must ____.
A.rely on their own financial resources
B.persuade the banks to provide long-term finance
C.borrow large sum of money from friends and people they know
D.depend on the population as a whole for finance
53 The money which enables those companies to go ahead with their projects is ____.
A.repaid to its original owners as soon as possible
B.raised by the selling of shares in the companies
C.exchanged for ownership in The Stock Exchange
D.invested in different companies on The Stock Exchange
54 When the savers want their money back they ____.
A.ask another company to obtain money for them
B.look for other people to borrow money from
C.put their shares in the company back on the market
D.transfer their money to a more successful company
55 All the essential services on which we depend are ____.
A.run by the Government or our local authorities
B.in constant need of financial support
C.financed wholly by rates and taxes
D.unable to provide for the needs of the population
56 The Stock Exchange makes it possible for the Government, local authorities and nationalized industries ____.
A.to borrow as much money as they wish
B.to make certain everybody saves money
C.to raise money to finance new development
D.to make certain everybody lends money to them
103.[阅读理解]No Sweet Talk About SugarSugar's proponents call it quick energy, opponents say it's empty calories (卡路里) 。 But to the average person, who consumes a quarter of a pound of it each day, sugar is mostly an irresistibly good taste. In fact, people seem to have an innate "sweet tooth."Human societies have long equated sweetness with goodness - sweet mystery of life, sweet smell of success, sweetheart - and that enhances (增强；提高) the attraction. But in recent years, sugar has also been singled out as a potential enemy of the healthy life. Cited for such evils as distracting youngsters from more nutritious (营养的) foodstuffs, enhancing obesity (肥胖), ruining teeth and causing diabetes(糖尿病), it has become the most maligned (恶毒的) of the main components of our diet.Sugar, like starch, is a carbohydrate (碳水化合物). Its many types include sucrose (table sugar refined from sugarcane or beets), lactose (milk sugar), fructose (fruit sugar), glucose (blood sugar), dextrose (右旋糖), maltose(麦芽糖) and galactose (半乳糖). Seventy percent of the sugar in the labels on all the packaged products in your pantry (食品室) and see how many list sugar (or corn syrup) as a main ingredient (成分) 。 Early this century, the average North American consumed about 76 pounds of refined sugar a year, but starches formed two thirds of his dietary carbohydrates. Today, per-capita refined sugar consumption hovers around 95 pounds, and all types of sugar represent more than half the carbohydrate calories. But in relying on sucrose-sweetened processed foods as a main carbohydrate source, we may miss the essential nutrients - fiber, vitamins and minerals - found in other carbohydrate foods like fruits, vegetables and breads.The body has no physiological need for sucrose that cannot be satisfied by other, more nutritious foods. The body can convert starches to sugar, or use the sugar in fruits and vegetables for energy. In fact, nutrition experts say that even the purported (传说的) need for sugar as quick energy is a myth except in a few rare situations, such as a diabetic in insulin shock. During exercise, the body calls upon its reserve of glycogen (肝糖) (and, if that runs low, fatty acids from the breakdown of triglycerides) to supply the muscles with needed energy. If you eat sugar before exercising, your body simply stores it.As for sugar's reputed adverse (不利的) health effects, the following can be said on the basis of available evidence:Obesity, Sugar supplies four calories per gram - about the same as protein and less half that of fat. Excess caloric intake, not sugar, causes obesity. But since calories can be highly concentrated in sugar-sweetened foods, you may eat many more calories than you need of such foods before you feel full or even realize how much you consumed.Tooth decay. Sugar definitely promotes the development of dental caries. Bacteria in the mouth digest (消化) the sugar on tooth surfaces, and produce acid which eats away the enamel (珐琅). It is the time sugar remains on the teeth, rather than the amount eaten, that makes the difference. To reduce the risk of decay, dentists recommend rinsing your mouth or brushing you teeth after consuming anything sweet, and avoiding sweets between meals.Diabetes. In diabetes, the pancreas (胰腺) fails to produce enough insulin to clear the blood of excess glucose. Thus, diabetics must curb their intake of sweets lest their blood-sugar levels rise dangerously high. But the important factor in diabetes is controlling body weight.Heart Disease. The theory that sugar is an important factor in heart disease does not have wide support among experts, who say that fats and cholesterol (胆固醇) are the more likely culprits (罪魁祸首). Some people have a tendency to develop high blood levels of fatty substances called triglycerides, which may promote atherosclerosis (动脉硬化). They are often advised to reduce their sugar intake, but losing weight is more important. Diets free of sucrose can lower abnormally high triglyceride levels, but they have been found to have little or no effect on triglyceride levels that are acceptable in the first place.
57 What does the word "innate" mean?____
A.born with
B.implanted
C.bad
D.healthy
58 Which of the following statements is NOT true?____
A.There are many types of sugar such as sucrose, lactose, fructose, etc.
B.Sugar can cause many health problems such as obesity, tooth decay and diabetes.
C.Sugar is not nutritious because it doesn't contain fiber, vitamin and mineral.
D.Sugar is physiologically needed by the body and can not be substituted by other substance.
59 "Curb their intake of sweets" can also be referred to as ____their intake of sweets.
A.increase
B.decrease
C.limit
D.take
60 Based on the ideas presented in the passage we can conclude that ____.
A.there is not available evidence to show sugar's bad effects
B.if you eat a lot of sweet food, you may suffer from obesity, because such food contains a lot of calories
C.to limit sugar intake is the most important thing for the atherosclerosis patient
D.most experts believe that sugar can cause heart disease
61 From the passage, we know ____.
A.sugar eats away the enamel, thus causing tooth decay
B.the cause for diabetes is the excessive intake of sugar
C.fats and cholesterol have nothing to do with heart disease
D.high level triglycerides may increase the chances of atherosclerosis
104.[阅读理解]Up，Up，and Away！ An adventurer who became the first person to fly across the English Channel on a cluster of balloons has launched a house into the sky just like in the hit movie Up-in reparation for a more ambitious journey and a new record． Fearless Trappe，from North Carolina，stepped into the cartoon themed home before flying above the Leon International Balloon Festival in Mexico more than a week ago． The 38-year-old Trappe was using the event as a warm-up for his planned trans-Atlantic flight scheduled for next summer．He aims to complete the 2，500-mile journey in a seven-foot lifeboat carried by 365 huge helium balloons． The brave man is learning to sail a lifeboat，in case he needs to ditch into the ocean during the danger-filled adventure． He sill fly at between 18，000 feet and 25，000 feet，beating his previous world altitude record of 21，600 feet，and must fly uninterrupted a distance ten times longer than his previous world record of 230 miles in order to succeed． The adventurer Trappe，who holds records for crossing the Alps，flying the most cluster balloons，and the longest distance，has spent his entire career，building up to this ambitious plan． “I didn’t wake up one day and think：‘I’ going to fly across the Atlantic，’”he said．“Every attempt before this was prepared for this fight，I’ve been training for a long time”．
62 The adventurer flew across the English Channel to__________．
A.test the balloons
B.launch a house
C.shoot a hit movie
D.prepare for breaking a record
63 To finish the journey，he will fly a distance of__________．
A.2500 miles
B.18，000 feet
C.25，000 feet
D.230 miles
64 About the ambitious journey，which is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A.When he will fly
B.How high he sill fly
C.How far he will fly
D.How long it will take him
65 How many world records does Jonathan hold?
A.Two
B.Three
C.Four
D.Five
66 What does he last paragraph imply?
A.Trappe can’t sleep worrying about the adventure
B.Trappe was born to set world records
C.Trappe always keeps his ambition in mind
D.Trappe never thought of crossing the Atlantic before
105.[阅读理解]It has been thought and said that Africans are born with musical talent. Because music is so important in the lives of many Africans and because so much music is performed in Africa, we are inclined to think that all Africans are musicians. The impression is strengthened when we look at ourselves and find that we have become largely a society of musical spectators （旁观). Music is important to us, but most of us can be considered consumers rather than producers of music. We have records, televisions, concerts, and radios to fulfil many of our musical needs. In most situations where music is performed in our culture it is not difficult to distinguish the audience from the performers, but such is often not the case in Africa. Alban Ayipaga, a Kasena semiprofessional musician from northern Ghana, says that when his flute （长笛) and drum ensemble （歌舞团) is performing, "Anybody can take part". This is true, but Kasena musicians recognize that not all people are equally capable of taking part in the music. Some can sing along with the drummers, but relatively few can drum and even fewer can play the flute along with the ensemble. It is fairly common in Africa for there to be an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by others who join in by clapping, singing, or somehow adding to the totality of musical sound. Performances often take place in an open area (that is, not on a stage) and so the lines between the performing nucleus and the additional performers, active spectators, and passive spectators may be difficult to draw from our point of view.
67 The difference between us and Africans, as far as music is concerned, is that ____.
A.most of us are consumers while most of them are producers of music
B.we are musical performers and they are semiprofessional musicians
C.most of us are passive spectators while they are active spectators
D.we are the audience and they are the additional performers
68 The word "such" refers to the fact that ____.
A.music is performed with the participation of the audience
B.music is performed without the participation of the audience
C.people tend to distinguish the audience from the performers
D.people have records, television sets and radios to fulfill their musical needs
69 The author of the passage implies that ____.
A.all Africans are musical and therefore much music is performed in Africa
B.not all Africans are born with musical talent although music is important in their lives
C.most Africans are capable of joining in the music by playing musical instruments
D.most Africans perform as well as professional musicians
70 The word "nucleus" probably refers to ____.
A.musicians famous in Africa
B.musicians at the centre of attention
C.musicians acting as the core in a performance
D.active participants in a musical performance
71 The best title for this passage would be ____.
A.The Importance of Music to African People
B.Differences Between African Music and Music of Other Countries
C.The Relationship Between Musicians and Their Audience
D.A Characteristic Feature of African Musical Performances
106.[阅读理解]In has been shown that children who smoke have certain characteristics. Compared with non-smokers they are more rebellious, their work deteriorates as they move up school, they are more likely to leave school early, and are more often delinquent and sexually precocious. Many of these features can be summarized as anticipation of adulthood.There are a number of factors which determine the onset of smoking, and these are largely psychological and social. They include availability of cigarettes, curiosity, rebelliousness, appearing tough, anticipation of adulthood, social confidence, the example of parents and teachers, and smoking by friends and older brothers and sisters.It should be much easier to prevent children from starting to smoke than to persuade adults to give up the habit once established, but in fact this has proved very difficult. The example set by people in authority, especially parents, health care workers, and teachers, is of prime importance. School rules should forbid smoking by children on the premises. This rule has been introduced at Summerhill School where I spent my schooldays.There is, however, a risk of children smoking just to rebel against the rules, and even in those schools which have tried to enforce no smoking by corporal punishment there is as much smoking as in other schools. Nevertheless, banning smoking is probably on balance beneficial. Teachers too should not smoke on school premises, at least not in front of children.
72 In this passage the author puts an emphasis on ____.
A.the effect of smoking among children
B.the difficulty in preventing from smoking
C.the reasons why children start smoking among children
D.the measures to ban smoking among children
73 Which of the following is a common characteristic of young smokers?____
A.Disobedience.
B.laziness.
C.Lack of intelligence.
D.Vanity.
74 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?____
A.Some children start to smoke out of curiosity.
B.Many children start to smoke because they want to appear mature.
C.In order to have fewer children smokers, parents, teachers and health care workers should not smoke.
D.It is not as difficult to prevent children from starting to smoke as to dissuade adults from smoking
75 The writer concludes that school rules to forbid smoking ____.
A.should be introduced, for it really works at the school where he once studied
B.should not be introduced, for it may cause disturbance
C.should be introduced though it may not work effectively
D.needn't be introduced as long as teachers don't smoke in front of children
76 The author's attitude towards his writing is ____.
A.objective
B.emotional
C.critical
D.indifferent
107.[阅读理解]The idea of public works projects as a device to prevent or control depression was designed as a means of creating job opportunities for unemployed workers and as a "pump priming" device to aid business to revive. It was conceived during the early years the New Deal Era (1933 - 1937). By 1933, the number of unemployed workers had reached about 13 million. This meant that about 50 million people - about one-third of the nation - were without means of support. At first, direct relief in the form of cash or food was provided these people. This made them recipients of government charity. In order to remove, this stigma and restore to the unemployed some measure of respectability and human dignity, a plan was devised to create governmentally sponsored work projects that private industry would not or could not provide. This would also stimulate production and revive business activity.The best way to explain how this procedure is expected to work is to explain how it actually worked when it was first tried. The first experiment with it was the creation of the Works Project Administration (WPA). This agency set up work projects in various fields in which there were many unemployed. For example, unemployed actors were organized into theater projects, orchestras were organized for unemployed musicians, teaching projects for unemployed teachers, and even writers' projects for unemployed writers. Unemployed laborers were put to work building or maintaining roads, parks, playgrounds, or public buildings. These were all temporary "work relief" projects rather than permanent work opportunities.More substantial work projects of a permanent nature were organized by another agency, the Public Works Administration (PWA). This agency undertook the planning of construction of schools, houses, post offices, dams, and other public structures. It entered into contracts with private construction firms to erect them, or it loaned money to local or state governments which undertook their constructions. This created many jobs in the factories producing the material as well as in the projects themselves, and greatly reduced the number of unemployed.Still another agency which provided work projects for the unemployed was the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). This agency provided job opportunities for youths aged 16 to 20 to work in national parks or forests clearing land, guarding against fires, building roads, or doing other conservation work. In the event of a future depression, the federate government might revive any or all of the above methods to relieve unemployment and stimulate business.
77 The PWA differed from the WPS in that ____.
A.the work projects of the former were carried out by the Federal Government
B.the government subsidized private industry
C.the number of unemployed was reduced
D.the former was government's first attempt to end hardship due to unemployment
78 One method of preventing or alleviating depression Not mentioned by the author is the use of ____.
A.the dole
B.the WPA
C.the CCC
D.job sharing
79 The author implies that ____.
A.individuals on relief do not receive enough money to meet basic needs
B.those who get direct financial aid from the government suffer a loss of human dignity
C.aid should be given in the form of food subsidies
D.a program of "pump priming" is vital at all times
80 By using the expression "pump priming" as a description of public works projects, the author implies that it ____.
A.was pouring money down the drain
B.lowered human dignity
C.avoided direct charity
D.provided business with initial impetus which would make it self-sufficient
81 The passage mainly talks about ____.
A.the New Deal Era (1933 - 1937)
B.the WPA and the PWA
C.a pattern for the future
D.one-third of a nation
108.[阅读理解]The National Trust in Britain, together with similar voluntary (自愿的) organizations, plays an increasingly important part in the preservation for pubic enjoyment of the best that is left unspoiled of the British countryside. Although the Trust has received practical and moral supported by public taxes. It is a voluntary association of people who care for the unspoiled countryside and the ancient sites and historic buildings of Britain and who seek to preserve them for the permanent enjoyment of the public. It is a charity which depends for its existence on voluntary support from members in England, Wales and Northern Ireland who pay a small subscription each year, and its primary duty is to protect for the nation places of great natural beauty and places of historical interest and preserve them from the dangers of modern development and extinction.The attention of the public was first drawn to the dangers threatening the great old houses and castles of Britain by the late Lord Lothian, who in 1935 said that, as a result of taxation and estate duties, most of these ancient and historic houses were under sentence of death. When Lord Lothian died he left his great seventeenth-century house, Blickling Hall, and all its contents to the Trust together with the 4,5000-acre park and estate surrounding it. This gift attracted wide publicity and Blicking Hall started the Trust's "Country House Scheme". Under this scheme (计划，方案), with the cooperation of the Government and thanks to the generosity of the general public, the Trust has been able to save and make accessible to the public about one hundred and fifty of these old houses, together with their often very valuable contents. Wherever possible the Trust seeks to maintain continuity and to preserve these houses as living entities (实体) rather than as dead museums. It is the view of the Trust that the families who gave them to the nation and whose ancestors created them make the best possible curators (监护人). Last year about one and three quarters of a million people paid to visit these historic houses which are open to the general public, usually at a very small charge.In addition to country houses and open spaces, the Trust now owns some examples of ancient wind and water mills, nature reserves, gardens, Roman antiquities, five hundred and forty farms and nearly two thousand five hundred cottages or small village houses, as well as some complete villages like Chiddingstone in Kent, in the southeast of England. In these villages no one is allowed to build, develop or disturb the old village environment in any way and all the houses are maintained in their original sixteenth-century style. Over four hundred thousand acres of coastline, woodland, open downland and hill country are protected by the Trust and no development, modern buildings or disturbances of any kind are permitted. The public has free access to these areas and is only asked to respect the peace, beauty and wildlife.So it is that over the past eighty years the Trust has become a big and important organization and an essential and respected part of national life, preserving all that is of great natural beauty and of historical significance not only for future generations of Britons but also for the millions of tourists who each year invade Britain in search of a great historic and cultural heritage.
82 "… most of these ancient and historic houses were under sentence of death" means ____.
A.the historic houses would die because no one was interested in them any more
B.the historic houses would crumble and decay through lack of money to keep them in good repair
C.the government said that it could not spend the money to save the old historic houses
D.the owners of historic houses would not keep them in good repair
83 The "Country House Scheme" started ____.
A.with the founding of the National Trust
B.in order to raise money for the National Trust
C.with the gift of Blickling Hall and its estate
D.as a result of public interest
84 The best people to look after these houses were considered to be ____.
A.the ancestors who created them
B.the members of the National Trust
C.the general public
D.the families who gave them to the nation
85 Land protected by the National Trust ____.
A.can be developed and modernized
B.includes coastline, woodland, downland and hill country
C.consists of nature reserves
D.is primarily for tourists to Britain
86 The word "invade" is used to emphasize ____.
A.that the British do not like tourists
B.that only a few tourists come to Britain
C.the great number of tourists who come to Britain
D.that Britain is attacked by hoards of tourists
109.[阅读理解]Education has acquired a kind of snob value in modern times. We are no longer content to be honest craftsmen, skilled at our work through years of patient practice. Nowadays if we want to get a decent job, we have to have a piece of paper. If we want promotion in even the humblest job, we have to obtain a certificate or a diploma first. We may know that we would be better at the job than the man with the paper qualifications, but our experience and practical skills are regarded as relatively unimportant. "Johnson would have been manager by now if he'd taken the trouble to get a degree," his colleagues say, "he's a clever man. He could have done anything if he'd had a proper education." I wonder if, as time goes on, we shall discover that many people, whose practical experience and ability would have been enormously useful to their employers, have been rejected on the grounds that they are insufficiently qualified. Would it not be better to allow people to become expert in the way most suited to them, rather than oblige them to follow a set course of instruction which may offer no opportunity for them to develop skills in which they would have become expert if left to themselves?
87 By the first sentence in Para. One, the writer perhaps means ____.
A.education has acquired a pleasant value
B.education is ignored by the public
C.too much attention is paid to degrees in education
D.too little attention is paid to degrees in education
88 According to the passage, if we want to get promotion nowadays we have to ____.
A.produce proof of our qualification
B.write a paper about our qualifications
C.apply to take a certificate
D.apply for a diploma course
89 From the passage we understand that his colleagues think that Johnson ____.
A.should have been given a degree
B.would have been able to get a degree
C.couldn't have done anything without a degree
D.would become manager even without a degree
90 The writer fears that without paper qualifications many people ____.
A.won't get proper education
B.will prove useless in their job
C.will be dismissed from their job
D.won't be considered for a job
91 In the writer's opinion it would be better if people ____.
A.were forced to take a diploma
B.were free to become educated in their own way
C.attended more practical courses
D.attended courses intended for experts
110.[阅读理解]It’s 5：00 in the morning when the alarm rings in my ears．I roll out of bed and walk blindly through the dark into the bathroom．I turn on the light and put on my glasses．The house is still as I walk downstairs while my husband and three kids sleep peacefully．Usually I go for a long run，but today I choose my favorite exercise DVD insanity．Sweat pours down my face and into my eyes．My heart races as I face my body to finish each movement．As I near the end of the exercise，I feel extremely tired，but a smile is of my face．It’s a smile because the DVD is over，but a smile of success from pushing my body to its extreme limit． Some people enjoy shopping，smoking，food，work，or even chocolate．But I need exercise to get through each day．Some shake heads when they see me run through the town．Others get hurt when I refuse to try just one bite of their grandmother’s chocolate cake．They raise their eyebrows，surprised by my “no thank you，” or by my choice to have a salad．Over the years，I have learned it’s okay to just say “no．” I shouldn’t feel sorry for refusing food that I don’t want to eat． So what drives me to roll out of bed at 5：00 a．m．？What gives me the reason to just say to ice cream？Commitment．A commitment to change my life with a way that reduces daily anxiety，increases self–confidence and energy，extends life and above all improves my body shape．This is the point where a smile appears on my face as I look at myself in the mirror or try on my favorite pair of jeans that now fit just right．It’s through commitment and sweat that I can make a difference within myself inside and out．
92 Why is there a smile on the author’s face in the morning？
A.Because she sees her family sleeping peacefully．
B.Because she finishes her favorite exercise
C.Because she enjoys the interesting DVD
D.Because she feels a sense of achievement
93 Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 2？
A.She doesn’t like others r politely
B.She likes to make others surprised
C.Others don’t understand what she does
D.Others try to help her by offering her food
94 What does the underlined word “commitment” in the last paragraph mean？
A.Good health
B.Firm belief
C.A strong power
D.A regular half
95 What can we learn about the author from the text？
A.She acts in a strange way
B.She wants to look different from others
C.She aims to develop a good body shape
D.She has difficult getting along with others
111.[句子翻译（汉译英）]技师正忙于修理那台机器。
112.[句子翻译（汉译英）]玛格丽特同她的母亲住在伦敦郊区。
113.[句子翻译（汉译英）]你注意到我把遮阳伞放哪儿了吗？
114.[句子翻译（汉译英）]工厂倒闭后，很多工人失业了。
115.[句子翻译（汉译英）]报这门课的学生将于星期四上午开始登记。
116.[句子翻译（汉译英）]玛丽确信她通过了考试。
117.[句子翻译（汉译英）]尽管春天来临，他仍然穿着毛衣。
118.[句子翻译（汉译英）]新信用卡将会为我们的客户带来许多好处。
119.[句子翻译（汉译英）]打扰一下，先生，您能帮我把这个箱子放到行李架上吗？
120.[句子翻译（汉译英）]听音乐会的时候，看看节目单是有帮助的。
121.[句子翻译（汉译英）]她经常抱怨说自己的工作得不到认可。
122.[句子翻译（汉译英）]在虚拟现实中，外部世界停止了存在。
123.[句子翻译（汉译英）]由于下雪，今天老师或许会提早下课。
124.[句子翻译（汉译英）]官方数字显示外国游客数量骤降。
125.[句子翻译（汉译英）]我们的职员被告知要提供给你任何帮助。
126.[句子翻译（汉译英）]近来有没有让你心烦的事？
127.[句子翻译（汉译英）]她一天不上课是很少见的。
128.[句子翻译（汉译英）]我们的船朝岸边驶去。
129.[句子翻译（汉译英）]学生对这种类型的饭菜很感兴趣。
130.[句子翻译（汉译英）]那家饭馆十分重视菜肴的质量。
131.[句子翻译（英译汉）]She was a confident and pushy young woman.
132.[句子翻译（英译汉）]The factory tried its best to keeppollution at a minimum.
133.[句子翻译（英译汉）]He was of medium height with blond hair andlight blue eyes.
134.[句子翻译（英译汉）]He has moved to Spain, seemingly to enjoy aslower style of life.
135.[句子翻译（英译汉）]Some local residents joined the students’ protest.
136.[句子翻译（英译汉）]Jim looked up with a slightly worriedexpression.
137.[句子翻译（英译汉）]Food is scarce and more often than not theygo hungry.
138.[句子翻译（英译汉）]Bill Gates dropped out of college and triedhis hand at starting a new venture.
139.[句子翻译（英译汉）]All animals including men feed on plants orother animals.
140.[句子翻译（英译汉）]There will be a special on channel 8 tonight.
141.[句子翻译（英译汉）]Nowadays, China has a serious shortage ofblue-collar workers.
142.[句子翻译（英译汉）]Plastic traveling bags are sold out today.
143.[句子翻译（英译汉）]My brother speaks French—he can act asinterpreter.
144.[句子翻译（英译汉）]Once you get into a bad habit, you’ll find it hard toget out of it.
145.[句子翻译（英译汉）]In some cultures women are forbidden fromgoing out without a veil.
146.[句子翻译（英译汉）]In this example we maintain only one copyof the data.
147.[句子翻译（英译汉）]He constantly pestered her with telephonecalls.
148.[句子翻译（英译汉）]How many workmen do you employ at your factory?
149.[句子翻译（英译汉）]The use of high-tech products may producesome unexpected side effects.
150.[句子翻译（英译汉）]I miss the noise and activity of the city.
151.[填空题]Ever since 1990, the Greens ________ (live) a peaceful life in this village.
152.[填空题]While ________ (cross) the road, he was knocked over.
153.[填空题]Her bike was broken, so she had to get it ________ (repair)．
154.[填空题]________ (dress) in a new dress, she looks more beautiful.
155.[填空题]We should pay attention ________ (protect) the environment.
156.[填空题]How I wish I ________ (can) make up for the lost time.
157.[填空题]________ time went by, the colour of the wall faded out.
158.[填空题]Only an (imagine) poet can make such a beautiful sentence.
159.[填空题]I offer him $500, and he wanted $600, so we split (劈开，使分开) the (differ) and settled on $550.
160.[填空题]He was about to close the window ________ a beautiful flower caught his eye.
161.[填空题]With the (appear) of credit cards more people got into debt.
162.[填空题]By the time he graduated from high school, he ________ (learn) five thousand words.
163.[填空题]Tom succeeded ________ (save) the girl from being drowned.
164.[填空题]Neither Billy nor his classmates (go) to school by subway.
165.[填空题]In spite of his (break) English, he finally made himself understood.
166.[填空题]It is much (ease) for you to use a computer if you know English.
167.[填空题]Sorry, I’m fully (occupation) this afternoon.
168.[填空题]He appreciated ________ (share) my umbrella with me.
169.[填空题]The boy was bathing in the river ________ a crocodile attacked him.
170.[填空题]Mary’s (marry) will take place at 12 o''clock today.
171.[翻译题]不动产
172.[翻译题]州议会
173.[翻译题]申请一份工作
174.[翻译题]经过慎重考虑
175.[翻译题]现有生活水平
176.[翻译题]你应该自己判断行事,被总是跟在你哥哥的后面。
177.[翻译题]投资泡汤
178.[翻译题]停车场
179.[翻译题]请将这袋垃圾拿到垃圾筒去。
180.[翻译题]垃圾箱
181.[翻译题]母公司
182.[翻译题]做投资
183.[翻译题]高科技领域
184.[翻译题]财政状况
185.[翻译题]使美梦成真
186.[翻译题]自尊自爱
187.[翻译题]符合某人的标准
188.[翻译题]对某人/某事有信心
189.[翻译题]文科生
190.[翻译题]这笔贷款的抵押
191.[作文题]For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, "Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I've done it hundreds of times." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
192.[作文题]For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition in no less than 100 words on the topic ：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your China , what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why? 假设你的一位外国朋友来参观中国，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么？
193.[作文题]假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历（resume）。给外教Mr Jenkins 写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式（format）. 注意：1. 词数100左右;2. 可以适当增加细节，已使行文连贯。
194.[作文题]Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic The Internet. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 有人认为网络可以让学习、工作更有效率 2. 还有人认为网络让青少年沉迷，进而影响学习 3. 你对于网络的看法
195.[作文题]Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two options upon graduation. One is to work in a state-owned business and the other in a joint venture. You are to make a choice between the two. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
196.[作文题]Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: My View on the Long Holidays. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given in Chinese below:1. 休长假带来的好处;2. 长假所带来的不利方面;3. 你的看法。
197.[作文题]假定你是李华，正在英国接受英语培训，住在一户英国人家里。今天你的房东Mrs Wilson不在家，你准备外出，请给Mrs Wilson写一留言条，内容包括： 1．外出购物2．替房东还书 3．Tracy来电话留言：1)咖啡屋(Bolton Coffee)见面取消2)此事已告知Susan 3)尽快回电 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
198.[作文题]Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two options upon graduation. One is to find a job somewhere and the other to start a business of your own. You are to make a decision. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your decision. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
199.[作文题]Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two options upon graduation. One is to take a job in a company and the other to go to a graduate school. You are to make a choice between the two. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
200.[作文题]Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter Applying for a Bank Loan. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese。 1. 你的基本情况 your basic information1 2.你申请贷款的原因、数额及用途 you reason for the loan, the amount and purpose 3. 你如何保证专款专用以及你的还款打算
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