西南大学19秋[0727] 建筑力学在线作业
0727 建筑力学1.[单选题]强度指的是（）。
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A.在荷载作用下构件抵抗破坏的能力
B.在荷载作用下构件保持原有平衡状态的能力
C.在荷载作用下构件抵抗可恢复变形的能力
2.[单选题]认为材料沿各个方向的力学性能是相同的，这个假设属于（）。
A.A. 均匀性假设
B.各项异形假设
C.各项同性假设
3.[单选题]薄壁环形截面最大弯曲剪应力是平均剪应力的( )倍
A.B.1.33
B.E.1.5
C.1
D.2
4.[单选题]点的速度合成定理的适用条件是（ ）
A.牵连运动只能是平动
B.牵连运动为平动和转动
C.牵连运动只能是平面平动
D.牵连运动不限
5.[单选题]刚体受三不平行的力作用而处于平衡状态，则此三力的作用线（ ）
A.必汇交于一点
B.必互相平行
C.必皆为零
D.必位于同一平面
6.[单选题]作用在一个刚体上的两个力如果满足等值反向，则该二力可能是（ ）<br
A.作用力和反作用力或一对平衡力
B.一对平衡力或一个力偶
C.一对平衡力或一个力和一个力偶
D.作用力与反作用力或一个力偶
7.[单选题]平面内一非平衡共点力系和一非平衡共点力偶系最后可能合成的情况是（ ）
A.一合力偶
B.一合力
C.相平衡
D.无法进一步合成
8.[单选题]工程中常见的组合变形是（ ）</strong
A.斜弯曲及拉压与弯曲的组合
B.弯曲与扭转的组合
C.拉压及弯曲与扭转的组合
D.ABC
9.[单选题]关于脆性断裂的强度理论是（ ）
A.第一和第四
B.第三和第四
C.第一和第二
D.第二和第三
10.[单选题]下列结论中哪个是正确的？</strong
A.内力是应力的代数和
B.应力是内力的平均值
C.应力是内力的集度
D.内力必大于应力
11.[单选题]关于屈服的强度理论是（ ）</strong
A.第一和第二
B.第三和第四
C.第一和第四
D.第二和第三
12.[单选题]以下说法错误的是（ ）</strong
A.构件材料的极限应力由计算可得
B.塑性材料以屈服极限为极限应力
C.脆性材料以强度极限作为极限应力
D.材料的破坏形式主要有2种
13.[单选题]一个应力状态有几个主平面（ ）</strong
A.两个
B.最多不超过三个
C.无限多个
D.一般情况下有三个，特殊情况下有无限多个
14.[单选题]对于一个微分单元体，下列结论中错误的是（ ）</strong
A.正应力最大的面上剪应力必为零
B.剪应力最大的面上正应力为零
C.正应力最大的面与剪应力最大的面相交成45度
D.正应力最大的面与正应力最小的面必相互垂直
15.[单选题]应力状态分为（ ）
A.单轴应力状态
B.平面应力状态
C.空间应力状态
D.ABC
16.[单选题]对于等截面梁，以下结论错误的是（）
A.最大正应力必出现在弯矩值最大的截面上
B.最大剪应力必出现在剪力最大的截面上
C.最大剪应力的方向与最大剪力的方向一致
D.最大拉应力与最大压应力在数值上一定相等
17.[单选题]对于矩形截面的梁，以下结论错误的是（）</strong
A.出现最大正应力的点上，剪应力为零
B.出现最大剪应力的点上，正应力为零
C.最大正应力的点和最大剪应力的点不一定在同一截面上
D.梁上不可能出现这样的截面，即该截面上的最大正应力和最大剪应力均为零
18.[单选题]在梁的正应力公式σ＝My/Iz中，Iz为梁截面对于（）的惯性矩</strong
A.形心轴
B.对称轴
C.中性轴
D.形心主对称轴
19.[单选题]下面说法正确的是</strong
A.挠度向下为正
B.挠度向上为负
C.转角以顺时针为正
D.ABC
20.[单选题]提高梁的弯曲强度的措施有（ ）
A.采用合理截面
B.合理安排梁的受力情况
C.采用变截面梁或等强度梁
D.ABC
21.[单选题]矩形截面最大剪应力是平均剪应力的( )倍
A.1
B.1.5
C.2
D.1.33
22.[单选题]纯弯曲指的是（ ）
A.梁段或梁的剪力为零，弯矩为常量
B.梁段或梁的剪力为常量，弯矩为零
C.梁段或梁的剪力弯矩均为零
D.梁段或梁的剪力弯矩均不为零
23.[单选题]对称结构在对称荷载作用下，梁的剪力图和弯矩图的特点是（ ）
A.剪力图对称，弯矩图对称
B.剪力图反对称，弯矩图反对称
C.剪力图反对称，弯矩图对称
D.剪力图对称，弯矩图反对称
24.[单选题]在无载荷的梁段下列说法错误的是（ ）
A.Q大于0时M图斜率为正
B.Q大于0时M图斜率为负
C.Q等于0时M图斜率为0
D.Q小于0时M图斜率为负
25.[单选题]一实心圆轴受扭 ，当其直径减少到原来的一半时，则圆轴的单位扭转角为原来的几倍？
A.2
B.4
C.8
D.16
26.[单选题]关于矩形截面和圆截面杆扭转的区别以下正确的是（ ）
A.变形后圆截面杆的横截面还是平面
B.平面假设可以用于矩形截面杆扭转分析
C.矩形截面杆变形后横截面还是平面
D.平面假设对任何截面杆都适用
27.[单选题]低碳钢材料的扭转破坏的原因是（ ）
A.拉伸破坏
B.压缩破坏
C.失稳破坏
D.剪切破坏
28.[单选题]以下说法错误的是（ ）
A.扭转问题是个超静定问题
B.扭转角沿轴长的变化率称为单位扭转角
C.有些轴不仅考虑强度条件，还考虑刚度条件
D.精密机械的轴的许用扭转角为1度每米
29.[单选题]研究纯剪切要从以下来考虑（ ）
A.静力平衡
B.变形几何关系
C.物理关系
D.ABC
30.[单选题]关于圆轴扭转的平面假设正确的是（ ）
A.横截面变形后仍为平面且形状和大小不变
B.相临两截面间的距离不变
C.变形后半径还是为直线
D.ABC
31.[单选题]不属于扭转研究范围的是（ ）
A.汽车方向盘操纵杆
B.船舶推进轴
C.车床的光杆
D.发动机活塞
32.[单选题]以下不属于连接件强度校核内容的是（ ）
A.铆钉的剪切强度
B.铆钉和钢板之间的挤压强度
C.铆钉的弯曲强度
D.钢板的拉伸强度
33.[单选题]一圆截面直杆，两端承受拉力作用。若将其直径增加一倍，则杆的抗拉刚度将是原来的几倍？（）
A.8
B.6
C.4
D.2
34.[单选题]两杆的长度和横截面面积均相同，其中一根为钢杆，另一根为铝杆，受相同的拉力作用。下列结论正确的是（ ）<br
A.铝杆的应力和钢杆相同，而变形大于钢杆
B.铝杆的应力和钢杆相同，而变形小于钢杆
C.铝杆的应力和变形都大于钢杆
D.铝杆的应力和变形都小于钢杆
35.[单选题]轴向拉伸的应力公式在什么条件下不适用
A.杆件是等截面直杆
B.杆件各横截面的内力不仅有轴力，还有弯矩
C.杆件各横截面上的轴力不相同
D.杆端和外形突变处
36.[单选题]剪应力公式τ＝Q/A的应用条件是（ ）
A.平面假设
B.剪应力在剪切面上均匀分布假设
C.剪切面积很小
D.无正应力的面上
37.[单选题]塑性材料扭转时的破坏断口与轴线成的角度为（ ）
A.30度
B.45度
C.60度
D.90度
38.[单选题]直径为d的圆截面拉伸试件，其标距是（ ）<br
A.试件两端面之间的距离
B.试件中段等截面部分的长度
C.在试件中段的等截面部分中选取的“工作段”的长度，其值为5d或10d
D.在试件中段的等截面部分中选取的“工作段”的长度，其值应大于10d
39.[单选题]以下属于截面法的步骤的是（ ）
A.截开
B.用截面的内力来代替两部分的作用力
C.建立静力平衡方程式并求解内力
D.ABC
40.[单选题]以下说法不正确的是（ ）
A.外力按其作用方式可分为体积力和表面力
B.按是否随时间变化将载荷分为静载荷和动载荷
C.动载荷可分为交变载荷和冲击载荷
D.在动静载荷中材料的机械性能一样
41.[单选题]材料力学研究的研究对象是（ ）
A.大变形
B.厚板
C.等直杆
D.复杂杆系
42.[单选题]最大剪应力所在的截面和主平面成的角度是（ ）
A.30
B.60
C.45
D.90
43.[单选题]对于常见截面形式的梁在中性轴上切应力为（ ）
A.最大
B.最小
C.不确定
D.零
44.[单选题]下列结论哪些是正确的：（1）剪应力互等定理是根据平衡条件推导出来的（2）剪应力互等定理是在考虑平衡、几何、物理三个方面因素基础上导出的（3）剪应力互等定理只适用于受扭杆件（4）剪应力互等定理适用于各种受力杆件。（）
A.（1）（3）
B.（1）（4）
C.（2）（3）
D.（2）（4）
45.[单选题]两根直径相同，长度及材料不同的圆轴，在相同扭矩作用下，其最大剪应力和单位扭转角之间的关系是（ ）
A.最大剪应力相同，单位扭转角不同
B.最大剪应力相同，单位扭转角相同
C.最大剪应力不同，单位扭转角不同
D.最大剪应力不同，单位扭转角相同
46.[单选题]矩形截面杆件在自由扭转时，其最大剪应力发生在（ ）
A.矩形短边中点
B.矩形长边中点
C.矩形角点
D.形心处
47.[单选题]铸铁试件在扭转时，若发生破坏，其破坏截面是（ ）
A.沿横截面
B.沿与杆轴线成45度的斜截面
C.沿纵截面
D.沿与杆轴线成60度的斜截面
48.[单选题]梁的支座一般可简化为（ ）
A.固定端
B.固定铰支座
C.可动铰支座
D.ABC
49.[单选题]按作用方式的不同将梁上载荷分为（ ）
A.集中载荷
B.集中力偶
C.分布载荷
D.ABC
50.[单选题]不属于材料力学的基本假设的有（ ）
A.F.连续性
B.均匀性
C.各向同性
D.各向异性
51.[单选题]认为物体在其整个体积内连续地充满了物质而毫无空隙，这个假设是（）。
A.C.连续性假设
B.D.均匀性假设
C.各项同性假设
52.[多选题]适用于脆性断裂的强度理论是（）
A.第一强度理论
B.第三强度理论
C.第二强度理论
D.第四强度理论
53.[多选题]杆件变形的基本形式有（）
A.扭转
B.轴向拉伸或压缩
C.弯曲
D.剪切
54.[多选题]弯曲变形的内力分量有（）
A.轴力
B.剪力
C.扭矩
D.弯矩
55.[判断题]对构件中所研究的点，切割单元体时，只能按一种方法进行，否则影响单元体的最大正应力值和最大剪应力值。
A.正确
B.错误
56.[判断题]梁的某一段内作用有均布载荷时，则该段内的内力图为：Q水平线，M斜直线。
A.正确
B.错误
57.[问答题]<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">图示压杆由直径</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">d=60mm</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">的圆钢制成，其中惯性半径</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">r=15mm</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">，长度系度</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">μ</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">＝</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">0.7</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">，</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">E</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">＝</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">200Gpa</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">，</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">λ</span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><sub><span style="font-size: 16px;">p</span></sub></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;">=100</span></strong></span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">，</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">λ</span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><sub><span style="font-size: 16px;">s</span></sub></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;">=60</span></strong></span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">，细长杆临界应力公式</span></strong><strong><span style="top: 11px; font-size: 16px; position: relative;"><img width="58" height="28" src="data:image/png;base64,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"/></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">，中长杆临界应力公式</span></strong><strong><span style="top: 7px; font-size: 16px; position: relative;"><img width="132" height="22" src="data:image/png;base64,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"/></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">，求压杆临界力</span></strong><strong><span style="top: 7px; font-size: 16px; position: relative;"><img width="22" height="22" src="data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhFgAWAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAIABQASAA4AhAAAAAAAAAoEAAAECgQIDQsGAwMGCw0LCwgDBAoLDQ0IBA0KCAMECgADCAsLDQgDAwgKDQ0LCgQABAgGCwgDAAMAAAAAAwQICgMDAwMECAMAAwsGCAECAwECAwECAwECAwVTICAKQWkOYqqORFoY63ogCaAQd6wuDDDXOlXB1HAEU4cHBMA7piKSWmTiFClQVSSllWVWApalMGBQBC7Ro6Loe2AyxqCAu9CIg4ftJvHKDmFzKSEAOw=="/>。</span></strong>
<p style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><img width="131" height="182" alt="33" src="data:image/png;base64,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"/></span>
<p style="text-align: right;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span>
<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">
</span></strong>
A.
58.[问答题]<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">铸铁</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">梁的荷载及截面尺寸如图示，材料的许可拉应力</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">[</span></span></strong><strong><em><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 16px;">s</span></em></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em><sub><span style="font-size: 16px;">t</span></sub></em></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;">]</span></strong></span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">＝</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">40MPa</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">，许可压应力</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">[</span></span></strong><strong><em><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 16px;">s</span></em></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em><sub><span style="font-size: 16px;">c</span></sub></em></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;">]</span></strong></span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">＝</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">60MPa</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">，已知：</span></strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><strong><em><span style="font-size: 16px;">P=3kN,</span></em></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;"> a=1m</span></strong></span><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">，</span></strong><strong><em><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">I<sub>z</sub></span></span></em></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">＝</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">765</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">×</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">10<sup>-8</sup>m<sup>4</sup></span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">，</span></strong><strong><em><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">y<sub>1</sub>=52mm, y<sub>2</sub>=88mm</span></span></em></strong><strong><em><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">。</span></em></strong><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">不考虑弯曲切应力，试校核梁的强度。</span></strong>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 8px; text-indent: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><img width="214" height="76" alt="37" 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width="117" height="105" align="left" 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hspace="12" v:shapes="_x0000_s1027"/></span></span>
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</span>
A.
59.[问答题]<span style="font-family: 宋体;">图示圆轴</span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">A</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">端固定，其许用应力［σ］</span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">=50MPa</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">，轴长</span><em><span style="font-family:;" new="" times="">l</span></em><span style="font-family: Calibri;">=1m</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">，直径</span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">d=120mm</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">；</span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">B</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">端固连一圆轮，其直径</span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">D=1m</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">，轮缘上作用铅垂切向力</span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">F=6kN.</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;">试按最大切应力理论校核该圆轴的强度。</span>
<p style="line-height: 27px;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> <img 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"/></span>
<p style="line-height: 27px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">
</span>
A.
60.[问答题]<strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">已知简支梁的荷载和尺寸如图，试确定支座A和B的支座约束反力。</span></strong>
<strong><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><img width="265" height="125" src="data:image/png;base64,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"/></span></span></strong>
A.
附件是答案，核对题目下载
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