北理工20北理工《综合英语》期末模拟试卷 第二套 闭卷
（387） 北京理工大学远程教育学院2018-2019学年第一学期《综合英语》期末试卷（模拟试卷2）
校外学习中心 学号 姓名 成绩
考试方式：闭卷
答题要求：
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第五、六部分的翻译和写作写在末尾页，并在相应处填写考生信息.考试结束时只交答题卡和试卷答题纸.
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请仔细填涂个人信息并核对！Part I：Reading Comprehension（2*15= 30）
Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1
It’s time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at work. Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life. It will only slow you down and hinder your career goals.
Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted? Nearly twice as many women than men ages 18-44 reported feeling “very tired” or ‘.exhausted’’，according to a recent study.
This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when women have children. It’s also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home. One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying “no.” Women want to be able to do it all一 volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals—and so their answer to any request is often “Yes，1 can.”
Women struggle to say “no” in the workplace for similar reasons, including the desire to be liked by their colleagues. Unfortunately, this inability to say “no” may be hurting women’s health as well as their career.
At the workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they don't want to be viewed as aggressive or disruptive at work. For example, there’s a problem that needs to be addressed immediately, result ing in a dispute over who should be the one to fix it. Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefits them most，whereas women may approach the same dispute from the perspective of what’s the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem—even if that means doing the boring work themselves.
This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a leadership position and who does not. Leaders have to be able to delegate and manage resources wisely—including staff expertise. Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion. Instead, it may highlight your inability to delegate effectively.1.What does the author say is the problem with women?
A)They are often unclear about the career goals to reach.
B)They are usually more committed at home than on the job.
C)They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could go.
D)They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability.2.Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy?
A)They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and home.
B)They are too devoted to work and unable to relax as a result.
C)They do their best to cooperate with their workmates.
D)They are obliged to take up too many responsibilities.3.What may hinder the future prospects of career women?
A)Their unwillingness to say “no”.
B)Their desire to be considered powerful.
C)An underestimate of their own ability.
D)A lack of courage to face challenges.4.Men and women differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that_______ .
A)women tend to be easily satisfied
B)men are generally more persuasive
C)men tend to put their personal interests first
D)women are much more ready to compromise5.What is important to a good leader?
A)A dominant personality. C) The courage to admit failure.
B)The ability to delegate. D) A strong sense of responsibility.Passage 2
Nobody really knows how big Lagos is. What ’ s indisputable is that it ’ s growing very quickly.
Between now and 2050, the urban population of Africa could triple. Yet cities in sub-Saharan Africa are not getting richer the way cities in the rest of the world have. Most urban Africans live in slums (贫民 窟）；migrants are often not much better off than they were in the countryside. Why?
The immediate problem is poverty. Most of Africa is urbanising at a lower level of income than other regions of the world did. That means there ’ s little money around for investment that would make cities liveable and more productive. Without upgrades and new capacity，bridges，roads and power systems are unable to cope with expanding populations. With the exception of South Africa, the only light rail metro system in sub-Saharan Africa is in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Traffic jam leads to expense and unpredictability, things that keep investors away.
In other parts of the world, increasing agricultural productivity and industrialisation went together. More productive farmers meant there was a surplus that could feed cities； in turn, that created a pool of labour for factories. But African cities are different. They are too often built around consuming natural resources. Government is concentrated in capitals，so is the money. Most urban Africans work for a small minority of the rich, who tend to be involved in either cronyish (有裙带关系的)businesses or politics. Since African agriculture is still broadly unproductive, food is imported, consuming a portion of revenue.
So what can be done? Through African countries are poor, not all African cities are. In Lagos, foreign oil workers can pay as much as $65 ,000 per year in rent for a modest apartment in a safe part of
town. If that income were better taxed, it might provide the revenue for better infrastructure. If city leaders were more accountable to their residents, they might favour projects designed to help them more. Yet even as new roads are built, new people arrive. When a city ’ s population grows by 5% a year, it is difficult to keep up.6.What do we learn from the passage about cities in sub-Saharan Africa?
A)They have more slums than other cities in the world.
B)They are growing fast without becoming richer.
C)They are as modernised as many cities elsewhere.
D)They attract migrants who want to be better off.7.What does the author imply about urbanisation in other parts of the world?
A)It benefited from the contribution of immigrants.
B)It started when people’s income was relatively high.
C)It benefited from the accelerated rise in productivity.
D)It started with the improvement of people’s livelihood.8.Why is sub-Saharan Africa unappealing to investors?
A)It lacks adequate transport facilities.
B)The living expenses there are too high.
C)It is on the whole too densely populated.
D)The local governments are corrupted.9.In what way does the author say African cities are different?
A)They have attracted huge numbers of farm labourers.
B)They still rely heavily on agricultural productivity.
C)They have developed at the expense of nature.
D)They depend far more on foreign investment.10.What might be a solution to the problems facing African cities?
A)Lowering of apartment rent.
B)Better education for residents.
C)More rational overall planning.
D)A more responsible government.Passage 3
For the past several decades，it seems there ’ s been a general consensus on how to get ahead in America: Get a college education, find a reliable job, and buy your own home. But do Americans still believe in that path, and if they do, is it attainable?
The most recent National Journal poll asked respondents about the American dream, what it takes to achieve their goals, and whether or not they felt a significant amount of control over their ability to be successful. Overwhelmingly, the results show that today, the idea of the American dream—and what it takes to achieve it一looks quite different than it did in the late 20th century.
By and large, people felt that their actions and hard work—not outside forces—were the deciding factor in how their lives turned out. But respondents had decidedly mixed feelings about what actions make for a better life in the current economy.
In the last seven years，Americans have grown more pessimistic about the power of education to lead to success. Even though they see going to college as a fairly achievable goal, a majority—52 percent— think that young people do not need a four-year college education in order to be successful.
Miguel Maeda, 42，who has a master’s degree and works in public health, was the first in his family to go to college, which has allowed him to achieve a sense of financial stability his parents and grandparents never did.
While some, like Maeda, emphasized the value of the degree rather than the education itself, others still see college as a way to gain new perspectives and life experiences.
Sixty-year-old Will Fendley, who had a successful career in the military and never earned a college degree, thinks “personal drive” is far more important than just going to college. To Fendley, a sense of drive and purpose, as well as an effective high-school education, and basic life skills, like balancing a checkbook, are the necessary ingredients for a successful life in America.11.It used to be commonly acknowledged that to succeed in America, one had to have_______.
A)an advanced academic degree
B)an ambition to get ahead
C)a firm belief in their dream
D) a sense of drive and purpose 12.What is the finding of the latest National Journal poll concerning the American dream?
A)More and more Americans are finding it hard to realize.
B)It remains alive among the majority of American people.
C)Americans’ idea of it has changed over the past few decades.
D)An increasing number of young Americans are abandoning it.13.What do Americans now think of the role of college education in achieving success?
A)It still remains open to debate.
B)It has proved to be beyond doubt.
C)It is no longer as important as it used to be.
D)It is much better understood now than ever.14.How do some people view college education these days?
A）It promotes gender equality. C) It adds to cultural diversity.
B）It needs to be strengthened. D) It helps broaden their minds.15.What is one factor essential to success in America, according to Will Fendley?
A） A desire to learn and to adapt.
B） A strong sense of responsibility.
C）A willingness to commit oneself.
D）A clear aim and high motivation.Part II: Vocabulary and Structure（2*10=20）
Directions: In this part there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
16.There is only one boat ____ for hire.I’m afraid you have to wait for the next one.
A. superior? ?? ?? ? B.capable? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? C. complicated? ?? ?? ?? ??? D. available
17.. I think fishing is a nice hobby but needs a good deal of____.
A. relation? ?? ?? ??? B.limitation? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? C. strength? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? D. patience
18. Finally we made a ____ that I should cook dinner and she would wash up after.
A. trip? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? B.bargain? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? C. face? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? D. fool
19. The old man was found ____ on the floor.
A. lying dead? ?? ? B.lying death? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?C. laying dead? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? D. laying death
20. If one ____ a crime, he will be punished.
A. makes? ?? ?? ?? ? B.commits? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?C. performs? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? D. achieves
21. In Britain, the best season of the year is probably ______ spring.
A. later? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? B.latter? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???C. last? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? D. late
22. If it ______ tomorrow, the basketball match has to be canceled.
A. rain? ?? ?? ?? B.rains? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??C. rained? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? D. will rain
23. ______ Pacific Ocean is?______?very large sea to the west of North and South America, and to the east of Asia and Australia.
A.The; a? ?? ?? ?? ??? B.A; the? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?C. The; the? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? D. A; a
24. Neither his fellow workers nor Tod himself ______ to the solution put forward by the employer
A. agree? ?? ?? ?? ??? B.agrees? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?C. agreeing? ?? ?? ??? ? D. to agree
25. If only I ______ hard in the past few months! But I didn't work hard enough and failed the maths examination.
A. work? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? B.worked? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??C. have worked? ?? ? D. had worked
Part III: Cloze (2*10=20)
Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Although Beethoven could sit down and make up music easily, his really great compositions did not come easily at all. They26him a great deal of hard work. We know how often he wrote and27his work because his notebooks are still28in museums and libraries, he always found it hard to29himself.
When he was 28, the worst difficulty of all came to him. He began to30a strange humming in his ears. At first he31little attention; but it grew worse, and at last he went to the32 . They gave him the worst news any33can hear: he was34going deaf. Beethoven was in despair, he was35that he was going to die.26. A. spent B. cost C. saved D. took
27. A. changed B. threw C. corrected D. tore
28. A. kept B. studied C. exhibited D. placed
29. A. praise B. overcome C. pass D. satisfy
30. A. hate B. listen C. discover D. find
31. A. make B. fulfilled C. paid D. filed
32. A. conductors B. lawyers C. advisers D. doctors
33. A. person B. singer C. musician D. pianist
34. A. suddenly B. gradually C. immediately D. usually
35. A. sure B. doomed C. portrayed D. touted
Part IV: Translation (30)
Directions: In this part there is a passage consisting of 8 sentences in Chinese. You should translate it into English. Be sure to write clearly on the Answer Sheet.
珠江是华南一大河系，流经广州市，是中国第三长的河流，仅次于长江和黄河。珠江三角洲 (delta)是中国最发达的地区之一，面积约11，000平方公里。它在面积和人口方面也是世界上最大的城市聚集区。珠江三角洲九个最大城市共有5700多万人口。上世纪70年代末中国改革开放以来，珠江三角洲已成为中国和世界主要经济区域和制造中心之一。
（387） 北京理工大学远程教育学院2018-2019学年第一学期
《综合英语》期末试卷（模拟试卷2）答题纸校外学习中心 学号 姓名 成绩 Part IV: Translation (30) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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