20秋武汉理工大学钢结构设计-作业一答案
钢结构设计-作业一1.[单选题] <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">弯矩绕虚轴(</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></i><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">轴)作用的格构式压弯构件,计算其弯矩作用平面内整体稳定时,截面模量</span><span lang="EN-US">W<sub>1x</sub>=<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">I</i><sub>x</sub>/<i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">y</i><sub>0</sub></span><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">,图示两种双轴对称截面形式,其</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span lang="EN-US">y</span></i><sub><span lang="EN-US">0</span></sub><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">应分别取</span><u><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:black;mso-no-proof:yes"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_2" o:spid="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" style="width:185.4pt; height:89.4pt;visibility:visible"> <v:imagedata src="GJGSJDX.files/image002.png" o:title="" cropleft="14488f" cropright="13465f" /> </v:shape></span></p>
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A.83,113
B.176,207
C.176,146
D.144,132
答:——C——
2.[单选题] 直接承受动力荷载的大跨度结构应尽可能采用 连接。
A.粗制螺栓
B.精制螺栓
C.加叉焊缝
D.摩擦型高强螺栓
答:——D——
3.[单选题] 焊接工字形截面梁腹板设置加劲肋的目的是 。
A.提高梁的抗弯强度
B.提高梁的抗剪强度
C.提高梁的整体稳定性
D.提高梁的局部稳定性
答:——D——
4.[单选题] 对于普通螺栓连接,限制端距e≥2d0的目的是为了避免()
A.螺栓杆受剪破坏
B.螺栓杆受弯破坏
C.板件受挤压破坏
D.板件端部冲剪破坏
答:————
5.[单选题] <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">下图所示弯矩</span><span lang="EN-US">M</span><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">作用下的普通螺栓连接,可认为中和轴在螺栓</span><u> <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"></span></span></u><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">上。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_37" o:spid="_x0000_i1039" type="#_x0000_t75" style="width:262.2pt;height:105pt;visibility:visible"> <v:imagedata src="GJGSJDX.files/image014.emz" o:title="" /> </v:shape></span></p>
A.1
B.3
C.5
D.计算确定
答:————
6.[单选题] 下列有关冷弯试验的描述中,错误的是 。
A.可鉴定塑性变形能力
B.可鉴定钢材质量
C.可暴露钢材的冶金缺陷
D.可反映钢材的动力性能
答:————
7.[单选题] 钢结构的承载能力极限状态是指()
A.结构发生剧烈振动
B.结构的变形已不能满足使用要求
C.结构达到最大承载力产生破坏
D.使用已达五十年
答:————
8.[单选题] 沿受力方向的连接长度 时,螺栓的抗剪和承压设计承载力均应降低,以防止
A.中部螺栓提前破坏
B.端部螺栓提前破坏
C.螺栓受弯破坏
D.螺栓连接的变形过大
答:————
9.[单选题] 屋架的设计图纸上要求注明钢材牌号,最合理的选项是
A.3号钢
B.Q235
C.HPB235
D.Q235-B
答:————
10.[单选题] 钢材由弹性状态转入塑性状态的条件是 。
A.最大拉应力理论
B.最大切应力理论
C.形状改变能密度理论
D.最大伸长线应变理论
答:————
11.[单选题] <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">格构式轴心受压柱整体稳定计算时,用换算长细比</span><span lang="EN-US"><v:shape id="_x0000_i1040" type="#_x0000_t75" style="width:21pt; height:19.2pt" o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="GJGSJDX.files/image015.wmz" o:title="" /> </v:shape><!--><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1040" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1632221863"> </o:OLEObject></xml><!--> </span><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">代替</span><span lang="EN-US"><v:shape id="_x0000_i1041" type="#_x0000_t75" style="width:15.6pt; height:19.2pt" o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="GJGSJDX.files/image016.wmz" o:title="" /> </v:shape><!--><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1041" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1632221864"> </o:OLEObject></xml><!--> </span><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">,这是考虑</span><span lang="EN-US">_<u><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"></span></u>___</span><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">。</span></p>
A.格构柱弯曲变形的影响
B.格构柱剪切变形的影响
C.缀材弯曲变形的影响
D.缀材剪切变形的影响
答:————
12.[单选题] 为提高轴心受压构件的整体稳定,在构件截面面积不变的情况下,构件截面的形式应使其面积分布 。
A.尽可能集中于截面的形心处
B.尽可能远离形心
C.任意分布,无影响
D.尽可能集中于截面的剪切中心
答:————
13.[单选题] 角焊缝的构造中,限制最大焊脚尺寸是因为 。
A.避免焊接输入能量过小
B.避免沿焊缝长度方向受力不均匀
C.避免应力传递的过分弯折
D.避免“过热”,减小焊接残余应力和残余变形
答:————
14.[单选题] 钢结构的承载能力极限状态是指()
A.结构发生剧烈振动
B.结构的变形已不能满足使用要求
C.结构达到最大承载力产生破坏
D.使用已达五十年
答:————
15.[单选题] 直接承受动力荷载的大跨度结构应尽可能采用 连接。
A.粗制螺栓
B.精制螺栓
C.加叉焊缝
D.摩擦型高强螺栓 南开答案q761296021 更多答案进 ap5u.com
答:————
16.[单选题] 双肢缀条式轴压杆件绕虚轴x和实轴y等稳定的条件是 。
A.<div> <img alt="" src="http://wljy.whut.edu.cn:80/uploadfiles/kindeditorAttached/image/20191203/20191203100042_191.png" /><br /></div>
B.<img alt="" src="http://wljy.whut.edu.cn:80/uploadfiles/kindeditorAttached/image/20191119/20191119170641_942.png" />
C.<img alt="" src="http://wljy.whut.edu.cn:80/uploadfiles/kindeditorAttached/image/20191203/20191203094943_37.png" />
D.<img alt="" src="http://wljy.whut.edu.cn:80/uploadfiles/kindeditorAttached/image/20191119/20191119170710_230.png" />
答:————
17.[单选题] 焊接残余应力对构件的 无影响。
A.变形
B.静力强度
C.疲劳强度
D.整体稳定
答:————
18.[单选题] <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">格构式轴心受压柱整体稳定计算时,用换算长细比</span><span lang="EN-US"><v:shape id="_x0000_i1046" type="#_x0000_t75" style="width:21pt; height:19.2pt" o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="GJGSJDX.files/image015.wmz" o:title="" /> </v:shape><!--><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1046" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1632221868"> </o:OLEObject></xml><!--> </span><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">代替</span><span lang="EN-US"><v:shape id="_x0000_i1047" type="#_x0000_t75" style="width:15.6pt; height:19.2pt" o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="GJGSJDX.files/image016.wmz" o:title="" /> </v:shape><!--><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1047" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1632221869"> </o:OLEObject></xml><!--> </span><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">,这是考虑</span><span lang="EN-US">_<u><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"></span></u>___</span><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">。</span></p>
A.格构柱弯曲变形的影响
B.格构柱剪切变形的影响
C.缀材弯曲变形的影响
D.缀材剪切变形的影响
答:————
19.[单选题] 承载能力极限状态不包括 。
A.倾覆
B.刚度失效
C.强度破坏
D.丧失稳定
答:————
20.[单选题] 钢材屈服点fy的高低反映材料( )
A.受静荷时的最大承载能力
B.受静荷时的最大变形能力
C.受动荷时的最大承载能力
D.受静荷时发生塑性变形前的承载能力
答:————
21.[单选题] 单轴对称截面的压弯构件,一般宜使弯矩 。
A.绕非对称轴作用
B.绕对称轴作用
C.绕任意轴作用
D.视情况绕对称轴或非对称轴作用
答:————
22.[单选题] 为提高轴心受压构件的整体稳定,在构件截面面积不变的情况下,构件截面的形式应使其面积分布 。
A.尽可能集中于截面的形心处
B.尽可能远离形心
C.任意分布,无影响
D.尽可能集中于截面的剪切中心
答:————
23.[单选题] <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">公式</span><span lang="EN-US"><v:shape id="_x0000_i1032" type="#_x0000_t75" style="width:70.2pt;height:18pt" o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="GJGSJDX.files/image007.wmz" o:title="" /> </v:shape><!--><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equations" ShapeID="_x0000_i1032" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1632221861"> </o:OLEObject></xml><!--></span><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">用于螺栓群轴心受剪连接验算,公式中的</span><span lang="EN-US"><v:shape id="_x0000_i1033" type="#_x0000_t75" style="width:9.6pt; height:13.2pt" o:ole=""> <v:imagedata src="GJGSJDX.files/image008.wmz" o:title="" /> </v:shape><!--><xml> <o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equations" ShapeID="_x0000_i1033" DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1632221862"> </o:OLEObject></xml><!--></span><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">主要考虑</span><u><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">。</span></p>
A.以下描述均不对
B.在长度方向上,两端螺栓受力小,中间螺栓受力大
C.各螺栓受力相同,增加安全储备
D.在长度方向上,各螺栓受力不均匀
答:————
24.[单选题] 图示普通螺栓连接,最不可能出现的破坏形式为 。
A.栓杆被剪断
B.板件孔边被挤坏
C.板件被拉断
D.螺栓被拉断
答:————
25.[单选题] 承重结构采用的钢材,不需要 合格保证。
A.伸长率
B.屈服强度
C.抗拉强度
D.铁含量
答:————
26.[单选题] 双肢格构式轴心受压柱,实轴为x-x,虚轴为y-y,应根据 确定分肢间的距离。
A.<img alt="" src="http://wljy.whut.edu.cn:80/uploadfiles/kindeditorAttached/image/20191119/20191119163616_871.png" />
B.<img alt="" src="http://wljy.whut.edu.cn:80/uploadfiles/kindeditorAttached/image/20191203/20191203095851_132.png" />
C.<img alt="" src="http://wljy.whut.edu.cn:80/uploadfiles/kindeditorAttached/image/20191119/20191119163635_580.png" />
D. 强度条件
答:————
27.[单选题] <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">图示高强螺栓承压型连接,承受荷载</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span lang="EN-US">N</span></i><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">和</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span lang="EN-US">F</span></i><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">作用,受力最不利的螺栓为</span><u><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:black;mso-no-proof:yes"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_1" o:spid="_x0000_i1031" type="#_x0000_t75" style="width:67.2pt; height:89.4pt;visibility:visible"> <v:imagedata src="GJGSJDX.files/image002.png" o:title="" cropleft="51931f" /> </v:shape></span></p>
A.1
B.2
C.3
D.4
答:————
28.[单选题] 对于普通螺栓连接,限制端距e≥2d0的目的是为了避免()
A.螺栓杆受剪破坏
B.螺栓杆受弯破坏
C.板件受挤压破坏
D.板件端部冲剪破坏
答:————
29.[单选题] <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">下图所示弯矩</span><span lang="EN-US">M</span><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">作用下的普通螺栓连接,可认为中和轴在螺栓</span><u> <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"></span></span></u><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">上。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><v:shape id="_x0000_i1045" type="#_x0000_t75" style="width:262.2pt;height:105pt;visibility:visible"> <v:imagedata src="GJGSJDX.files/image014.emz" o:title="" /> </v:shape></span></p>
A.1
B.3
C.5
D.计算确定
答:————
30.[单选题] 梁的最小高度是由梁的 控制的。
A.强度
B.建筑要求
C.刚度
D.整体稳定
答:————
31.[单选题] 钢结构进行疲劳强度验算时,应注意 。
A.荷载采用基本组合
B.在完全压应力循环中,必须进行疲劳验算
C.疲劳验算采用容许应力幅法
D.应力循环次数不小于5×106时,才进行疲劳验算
答:————
32.[单选题] <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">图示双轴对称焊接组合工字形截面,其塑性截面模量</span><span lang="EN-US">W<sub>px</sub></span><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">与</span><u><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">最为接近。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:black;mso-no-proof:yes"><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter" /> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0" /> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0" /> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1" /> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2" /> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth" /> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight" /> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1" /> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2" /> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth" /> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0" /> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight" /> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0" /> </v:formulas> <v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect" /> <o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t" /> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="图片_x0020_3" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style="width:71.4pt;height:89.4pt;visibility:visible"> <v:imagedata src="GJGSJDX.files/image001.png" o:title="" cropright="51038f" /> </v:shape></span></p>
A.1616800 cm3
B.1466516 cm3
C.1616800 mm3
D.1466516 mm3
答:————
33.[单选题] 某缀条式压弯构件承受的弯矩绕虚轴作用,对其分肢进行稳定计算时,在缀条平面外的计算长度为 。
A.整个构件两侧向支撑点间的距离
B.缀条体系的节间长度
C.整个分肢的几何长度
D.以上选项均不对
答:————
34.[单选题] 承压型高强度螺栓连接比摩擦型高强度螺栓连接( )
A.承载力低,变形大
B.承载力高,变形大
C.承载力低,变形小
D.承载力高,变形小
答:————
35.[单选题] 下列有关钢材化学成分的描述中,正确的是 。
A.硫会引起冷脆
B.磷会引起热脆
C.氧是有益元素
D.碳影响钢材的强度、塑性、韧性和可焊性
答:————
36.[单选题] T形截面轴心受压构件,当其发生相对于对称轴的整体失稳时,最可能的失稳形态为 。
A.弯曲失稳
B.扭转失稳
C.弯扭失稳
D.以上选项均不对
答:————
37.[单选题] <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">图示设置有纵、横向加劲肋的焊接工字形组合截面轴心受压构件,考虑腹板的局部稳定性,进行高厚比验算时,高度</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span lang="EN-US">h</span></i><sub><span lang="EN-US">0</span></sub><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">应取为</span><u><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:Microsoft Yahei;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">。</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:16.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:楷体_GB2312;color:black;mso-no-proof:yes"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_21" o:spid="_x0000_i1038" type="#_x0000_t75" style="width:76.2pt;height:74.4pt;visibility:visible"> <v:imagedata src="GJGSJDX.files/image013.png" o:title="" cropleft="48175f" /> </v:shape></span></p>
A.280
B.135
C.240
D.115
答:————
38.[单选题] 当沿受力方向的连接长度时,螺栓的抗剪和承压设计承载力均应降低,以防止
A.中部螺栓提前破坏
B.端部螺栓提前破坏
C.螺栓受弯破坏
D.螺栓连接的变形过大
答:————
39.[单选题] 保证焊接组合工字型截面轴心受压柱翼缘板局部稳定的宽厚比限值条件,是根据矩形板单向均匀受压时下列哪种边界条件确定的
A.两边简支、一边自由、一边弹性嵌固
B.两边简支、一边自由、一边嵌固
C.三边简支、一边自由
D.四边均为简支
答:————
40.[单选题] 下列有关温度对钢材性能的影响中,正确的描述是 。
A.温度升高,强度降低
B.温度升高,强度增大
C.温度降低,塑性变形能力增大
D.温度降低,韧性变强
答:————
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