大工13春《大学英语3》辅导资料七
大工13春《大学英语3》辅导资料七主 题： 对Unit 5的重点单词、短语的讲解
学习时间：2013年5月13日－5月19日
内 容：
NEW WORDS (对课文重点单词的解释)
1. aidvt. 帮助，援助
e.g. an index to aid the reader（帮助读者的索引）
[搭配] aid sb. in/with sth.
e.g. The local community aided us in our investigation.（当地社区协助我们调查。）
[词性变化] aidn. 帮助
e.g. I managed to go up the mountain with the aid of a guide.（在向导的帮助下，我爬到了山顶。）
2. comfortn. 舒适；安逸
e.g. This car is built for comfort.（这辆车是供休闲用的。）
They live a life of great comfort.（他们过着非常安逸的生活。）
[词性变化] comfortableadj. 舒服的，舒适的
e.g. a comfortable chair（舒适的椅子）
I love these shoes – they’re so comfortable!（我喜欢这双鞋——穿起来非常舒服呢！）
3. crisisn. 危机
e.g. They suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.（他们在经济危机时遭受了巨大的损失。）
In times of crisis it's good to have a friend to turn to. （危难时好在有朋友可以投奔。）
4. conflictn. 争执；冲突
e.g. It will lead to conflict between Unions and Management.（这将导致工会与管理部门的冲突。）
Personal and political conflicts among ministers are increasingly common.（部长之间的个人冲突和政治冲突现在愈来愈普遍。）
[搭配] come into conflict 争吵；争论
e.g. We came into conflict over money.（我们开始为了钱而争吵。）
5. defeatvt. 战胜；击败
e.g. Scotland defeated Wales by three goals to one.（苏格兰队以3:1击败威尔士队。）
The British army was finally defeated in 1783.（英国军队最终于1783年战败。）
[词性变化] defeatn. 战胜；击败
e.g. Superior air defense contributed to their defeat of the enemy.（优秀的空防为击败敌人作出了贡献。）
The team has suffered several defeats recently.（球队最近多次败北。）
6. declarationn. 宣言；申报；宣布
e.g. a declaration of war（战争宣言）
[词性变化] declarevt. 宣告；宣布
e.g. Our government has declared war on them.（我们政府已经向他们宣战。）
Jones was declared the winner.（琼斯被宣布为胜利者。）
7. generousadj. 慷慨的，大方的
e.g. It was very generous of you to lend them your new car to go on holiday.（你肯把你的新车借给他们去度假用，真是慷慨。）
[词性变化] generosityn. 慷慨
e.g. His generosity to the poor is well known.（他对穷人的慷慨为人所熟知。）
8. humbleadj. 地位卑微的
e.g. He was only a humble bank clerk.（他不过是个小小的银行职员。）
She was born of humble parentage.（她出身卑贱。）
9. hatredn. 憎恨；仇恨
e.g. She is full of hatred for the driver who killed her dog.（她对开车压死她的狗的那位司机充满了仇恨。）
Love and hatred are primary emotions.（爱和恨是基本的情感。）
10. internaladj. 内部的；国内的
e.g. an internal report（内部报告）
internal trade（国内贸易）
[反义词] externaladj. 外部的；表面的
e.g. There are a lot of external pressures on her.（她有很多外来的压力。）
Despite external appearance, she’s very shy.（她很害羞，尽管外表并非如此。）
11. obstaclen. 障碍；妨碍
e.g. Their different religions were an obstacle to their marriage.（他俩宗教信仰的不同是他们婚姻的一大障碍。）
Her father’s opposition remained only their obstacle.（她父亲的反对是他们唯一的障碍。）
12. originn. 血统；出身
e.g. a young man of West Indian origin（一个原籍为西印度群岛的年轻人）
He was proud of his working class origins.（他为自己出身于工人阶层而感到自豪。）
13. performancen. 表演
e.g. The singer’s performance was terrible.（这位歌手的演出很糟糕。）
There are two performances a day.（一天有两场演出。）
[词性变化] performv. 表演
e.g. They’re performing a Shakespeare play.（他们在演一出莎士比亚的戏剧。）
She’s performing at the National Theater.（她正在国家大剧院演出。）
14. recallv. 回忆起
e.g. I can’t recall the exact details of the report.（我记不起这篇报告的确切细节了。）
Do you recall where he lives?（你能想起他住在哪儿吗？）
[搭配] recall doing sth. 回忆起做过某事
e.g. I don’t recall meeting her.（我不记得见过她。）
15. rumorn. 谣言，传闻
e.g. Rumor has it that he’s found a new job at last.（传说他终于找到了一份新工作。）
I heard a strange rumor about Jean at the club last night.（昨晚我在俱乐部听到关于琼的奇怪传闻。）
16. surveyvt. 审视
e.g. He surveyed the surrounding countryside.（他仔细察看了周围的郊外地区。）
EXPRESSIONS
1. ahead of在……前面；先于
e.g. There was a roadblock straight ahead of us.（我们正前方有路障。）
We’re ahead of all the other companies in this field.（在这个方面，我们公司胜过其他任何一家公司。）
2. devote to 为……付出时间，精力等
e.g. He has devoted his life to helping blind people.（他为帮助盲人而献出一生。）
We shouldn’t devote any more time to this question.（我们不应该在此问题上多费时间。）
3. drag on （乏味或恼人的事物）进行得过久
e.g. The meeting seemed to drag on for hours.（会议拖得很长，好像开了好几个小时。）
Let’s not drag on this discussion; we’ve got to reach a decision.（这场讨论别拖下去了，我们得作个决定。）
4. earn a living 谋生
e.g. He earns a living by hunting.（他靠打猎谋生。）
Mr. White was the only doctor in that small town, so that he had a fair chance to earn a living.（怀特先生是那个小镇上惟一的医生，因此他有赚钱的好机会。）
5. in pursuit of 追求，追逐
e.g. The police car raced through the streets in pursuit of the stolen motorbike.（警车在街上急驰，追赶着那辆被盗的摩托车。）
They emigrated to Australia in pursuit of a better life.（他们为了追求更舒适的生活而移居澳大利亚。）
6. in the hope of sth./that 怀着……的希望
e.g. I called in the hope of finding her at home.（我希望她能在家才给她打的电话。）
He showed me a picture of the missing girl in the hope that I might recognize her.（他给我看了一张失踪女孩的照片，希望我能认出她。）
7. prefer A to B 喜欢A胜于B
e.g. Richard prefers riding a bike to driving.（相对开车而言，理查德更喜欢骑自行车。）
I prefer tea to coffee.（我更喜欢茶，而不是咖啡。）
8. say of 谈论及……
e.g. I cared nothing about what they said of me.（我毫不在乎他们对我怎么说。）
统考例题（重点掌握）
1. We desire that the tour leader ________ us immediately of any changes in plans.
A. inform B. informs C. informed D. has informed
解析：此题的考点为虚拟语气，suggest, propose, desire, advise, request, demand等表示要求、命令、建议的动词在引导宾语从句时，其后的that从句中用（should）+ 动词原形，所以答案为A。
2. These two areas are similar ________ they both have a high rainfall during this season.
A. to that B. besides that C. in that D. except that
解析：此题考查原因状语从句。in that可以用来表示原因，意为“因为”，所以根据题意选择C。
3. Scientists say it may be five or ten years ________ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.
A. since B. before C. after D. when
解析：It is … before是英语中的固定句型，它的意思是“过……才……”，所以选择B。
4. Dieters should try to reach and ________ a reasonable weight.
A. contain B. secure C. reserve D. maintain
解析：本题考点为动词含义辨析。contain意为“包含”；secure意为“使安全”；reserve意为“预订”；maintain意为“维持，保持”。根据题意选择D。
5. They claim that ________ 1,000 factories closed down during economic crisis.
A. sufficiently B. approximately
C. considerably D. properly
解析：答案B。本题考点为副词含义辨析。sufficiently意为“足够地、充分地”； approximately意为“大约、大概”；considerably意为“非常地、相当地”；properly意为“适当地、正确地”。根据题意选择B。
练习题（重点练习）
1. — Write to me when you get home.
— OK, I _________.
A. must B. should C. will D. can
2. Paper money was in ________ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in ________ thirteenth century.
A. the; / B. the; the C. /; the D. /; /
3. The Chinese women volleyball players _________ both in and out of China.
A. are thought good of B. are highly thought of
C. are well thought D. are ill thought of
4. There are a lot of news _________ today’s newspaper.
A. in B. on C. at D. with
5. I had my meals _________ when I was ill in bed with a bad cold.
A. to bringB. bring C. brought D. bringing
答案：1. C2. C3. B4. A5. C
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