大工13秋大学英语1（远程英语1）辅导资料十六
大工13秋大学英语1（远程英语1）辅导资料十六主 题：复习本学期所学过的重要词汇和短语
我们从本周开始进入期末复习。本周主要复习本学期所学过的重要词汇和短语。希望通过下面的内容能使同学们加深对相关知识点的理解。
一、学习要求
1.复习本学期所学过的重要词汇和短语。
二、主要内容
1. play with sth. 玩某种东西（如玩具等）
e.g. The child is playing with some toys.
也可说play with sb. 与某人玩
e.g. He likes playing with his good friends.
2. be different from 与……不同
这个短语应用的比较频繁，用于两者之间的比较。
e.g.My job is quite different from yours. 注意这里的yours 指的是your job.
Life in the USA will be different from what you expect.
表达与此相反的意思与……相同的短语为：the same as
e.g. Mary doesn’t look the same as before.
3. stress 压力
既可作名词压力也可作动词，给……压力。
e.g. He couldn’t withstand the stress and gave up his career.
He was being stressed before he took part in the final examination.
此外，stress 有“强调”之意。
e.g. The teacher lays great stress on the importance of English.
4. get rid of 摆脱，除掉
后面既可接人也可接物
e.g. He tried to get rid of the visitors before his friends came.
They get rid of all the old furniture.
此外rid yourself of sb./sth.有从……中解脱之意。
e.g. After you rid yourself of fear you may feel released.
5. stop by (顺便)拜访
e.g. If you have any problems please stop by our office.
I just wanted to stop by and offer some help.
6. out of stock 售完
一般跟在be动词之后，表示一种状态
e.g. The white boots you like are out of stock.
知识扩展：out of season 过时out of service 失效 out of sight 看不见
7. pick up
① 捡起，拾起
e.g. He picked up his bag and went away.
② 偶然获得，得到
e.g. She picks up a lot of important information.
③ 接人
e.g. I will pick you up at five.
④ 振作精神
e.g. A bite of something might pick you up.
⑤ 偶然无意地得到，学会
e.g. She picked up a lot of information.
He picked up Spanish when he was living in Mexico.
8. go back to追溯到……
同义词：date back to，表示某一事件可以回溯至某一时代。
e.g. The traditional friendship between our two people(s) dates back to ancient days. 我们两国人民之间的传统友谊可追溯到遥远的过去。
The history of humanity may date back to the Ice Age. 人类历史可以追溯到冰川时代。
另外go back to 有重新开始，重操旧业之意。
e.g. She has decided to go back to teaching. 她已决定重新执教。
9. fall in love with爱上…
既可以指爱上人，也可以指爱上某事物。
e.g. Fall in love at first sight. 一见钟情。
Never stop smiling, not even when you are sad, someone might fall in love with your smile. 保持微笑，即使是在悲伤的时候，说不定有人会因为你的微笑而爱上你。
10. take place发生
其近义词有take place、happen、occur、break out，但这四个词的用法是有区别的。
take place、happen和occur在很多情况下都可以互换，但是take place强调非偶然的发生，在表达举办某种活动、庆祝节日的时候不能用另外三个，文中说冰淇淋节每年在美国7月的第三个星期日举行，显然这不是偶然的活动，所以这里只能用take place；
e.g. The World Expo took place in Shanghai. 上海举办了世博会。
happen 后可以加to do，表示碰巧发生了…；
e.g. We happened to see him on the campus.
He happened to know that doctor.
happen和occur后面还可以加to sb.，happen to sb. 表示某种不好的事发生在某人身上，occur to sb.表示某人突然想到了什么，后面常加从句。
e.g. It did happen to all of us.
It occurs to me that we may turn to him.
break out用于指灾难、战争等不好事件的爆发。
e.g. The First World War broke out in 1914.
11. along with… 与…一起
come/go along with… 与…一起来/去
get along with… 与…相处
e.g. All we need is some creativity along with plenty of time and practice .
我们需要的是一些创造力,大量的时间和练习。
（注意：谓语动词和最前面的主语保持一致）
The ability to communicate well can help us get along with others.
好的沟通能力有助于我们和他人相处。
12. be proud of 以…自豪
相当于take pride in …，pride是proud的名词形式。
e.g. The teacher is proud of her students.
We take pride in the great achievements of our socialist construction. 我们为社会主义建设的伟大成就而自豪。
13. be/become known as… 以…著称，称作…
be known for…因…而闻名
be known to… 为…所知
e.g. The Nile is known as the cradle of human civilization.
The industry is known for its advanced technology.
The Great wall is known to the world.
14. priority
这是个名词，且是可数的，其复数形式是priorities，意思是优先权。其近义词有precedence，preference。它经常和某些词连用构成固定的说法。常见的短语有：give priority to 优先考虑；top priority/first priority 最优先的
e.g. For most students, getting a job will be the top priority this year.
对于大多数学生来说，找到一份工作将是今年的第一要务。
15. vital
这是个形容词，意为重要的，其近义词有important，significant.
e.g. Reading is of vital importance in language learning.
The police play a vital role in our society.
16. inevitably
这是个副词，意为不可避免地，其近义词为necessarily.
e.g. The work inevitably ended up in a mess.
它是由形容词inevitable(不可避免的) 转化过来的。
It was inevitable that there would be job losses.
17. negative
这个词是形容词，意为消极的，其反义词为positive，积极的。
常见短语有：negative effect 负面影响；negative influence 不利影响
e.g. I think this film has some negative effect.
The unhappy man has a negative attitude towards life.
18. commit to 致力于
此处的to 是个介词，后面要跟名词或代词，不能跟动词。
e.g. China is always committing to the international cooperation.
All the members of this company commit to improving the profits.
19. over and over again 一再地，许多次
e.g. I read the poem over and over again.
He told his friends not to make the same mistake over and over again.
20. have a hard time doing sth. 很难做
e.g. They had a hard time achieving their goals.
He had a hard time forgiving her.
21. distract sb. from… 使某人从……分心
e.g. It was another attempt to distract people from the truth.
You are distracting me from my work.
22. amaze v. 使吃惊
它所表示的吃惊的程度比surprise 要更大一些。
e.g. Just the size of this place amazes her.
It amazed her that he could be so calm at such a time.
其对应的形容词有amazed和amazing，前者指的是人对某物或某事感到吃惊，后者是某事或某物令人感到很吃惊。
e.g. We were amazed by his generosity.(慷慨)
What an amazing performance!
其对应的名词为amazement：She looked at me in amazement.
23. instead of 代替
相当于in the place of，后接人或物。
e.g. We just had soup instead of a full meal.
Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.
与其相似的还有副词instead，它可以单独使用，放在句首句中或句末。
e.g. Lee was ill so I went instead.
24. as well 也
相当于too,可以放在句中或句末。as well as 和它的意思一样，但是这个词组只能放在句中，不能位于句末。
e.g. Are they coming as well?
They sell books as well as newspapers.
25. in addition to…除……之外
此处的to 是个介词，后面要跟名词或代词，不能跟动词，相当于besides.
e.g. She speaks English in addition to French.
In addition to working hard, she had a secret for success.
26. make good use of 充分利用
good 可以换成 full, 此短语相当于make the most of, make the best of， make full advantage of
e.g. You should make full use of the precious time.
If only he has a chance, he will try to seize it and make good use of it. 只要他有机会，他就会努力抓住并好好利用它。
27. be used to 习惯于
此处to 是介词，后面跟名词或代词，不能跟动词。
e.g. He has learned to be used to the university life.
The old man is used to walking after supper.
28. take part in 参加
同义词有participate in，attend，join。
e.g. Do you often take part in sports?
你经常参加体育运动吗？
We often take part in many school activities.
我们经常参加学校里的一些活动。
29. get involved in 投身到
e.g. They got involved in their new work and got on well with each other.
这个短语还有卷入的意思。
e.g. I am get involved in trouble!
30. pay attention to 关注
to 是介词，后面要跟名词或代词，不能跟动词。
e.g. We should pay attention to what the teacher says in class.
31. competitive 竞争的，比赛的
① 常见搭配：
competitive advantage 竞争优势
competitive bidding 竞标
competitive sports 竞技体育
competitive price 竞争价格
competitive strategy 竞争战略
competitive products 精品
competitive power 竞争能力
competitive market 竞争性市场
e.g. But if firms are not competitive they should not survive.
但是，如果公司没有竞争力，就不应该苟活。
The examinations will be extremely competitive.
考试的竞争将会异常激烈。
② 其对应的动词形式是compete 竞争。
compete with 与……竞争
compete for 为……而竞争，比赛
e.g. China can now compete with most countries in the world.
现在，中国可以与世界上大多数国家竞争。
Even in a weak economy, businesses still compete for talent.
即使是在经济形势不好的时候，商业的竞争仍是人才的竞争
32. on the basis of 以……为基础
同义短语：be based on; in the light of。
e.g. Our trade is conducted on the basis of equality.
我们的贸易是建立在平等的基础上的。
The marriage based on money is bound to break up.
建立在金钱基础上的婚姻肯定要破裂的。
33. regardless of 不管
同义短语：despite of。
e.g. People should be hired regardless of race and sex.
雇用人员应没有种族、性别的差异。
34. except for 除了
和except不同，指的是美中不足的地方。
e.g. The movie is good except for the ending.
这部电影除了结局以外很不错。
Don't allow children to use a cell phone except for emergencies.
不要让孩子使用手机，除非紧急需要。
They were all there except me.
除了我之外他们都在那里。
35. come down with 染上(病)
e.g. They all come down with influenza. 他们都得了感冒。
36. throw away 扔掉；错过(机会等)，放过；浪费(时间、金钱等)乱花钱等
e.g. He threw away the old sofa. 他把旧沙发扔掉了。
Don't throw away this opportunity. 不要错过这个机会。
It will be time and money thrown away. 这将是浪费时间和金钱。
37. burn up 发起烧来；烧毁；使筋疲力尽
e.g. He caught a cold and later began to burn up. 他感冒了后来就发起烧来。
The papers burned up in a minute. 文件立刻烧毁了。
His running is burning him up.他因跑步而十分疲倦。
38. break out 爆发；突然开始出(疹子、冷汗等)
e.g. When did the Gulf War break out? 海湾战争何时爆发的?
The baby broke out in a rash.婴孩全身出了一片红疹。
39. lie down 躺下；顺从；忍受。
e.g. He went to lie down after a long journey.
在长途旅行以后，他躺上床休息了。
They expected me to lie down like a coward.
他们指望我像一个懦夫一样屈服。
40. influence ['influəns] 影响
主要短语：influence on 对……的影响
e.g. Young people are quickly influenced by new ideas.
年轻人很快地受到新思想的影响。
Smoking has a great influence on our health.
抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
41. popular with 受……欢迎
e.g. The boy was popular with his peers.那个男孩很受同龄人的欢迎。
Quality products are popular with customers. 信得过产品很受顾客欢迎。
42. since then 从那时以来
e.g. He has been studying hard since then.
从那以后，他学习一直很努力。
Since then our export trade has built up steadily.
从此以后，我们的出口贸易一直稳步发展。
43. focus ['fəukəs] n. 关注；v. 集中
e.g. This issue of terrorism has come into focus recently.
有关恐怖主义的议题最近成了热门话题。
A focus and concern on climate change is entirely appropriate.
对于气候变化的聚焦和关注是完全恰当的。
All the students should focus their attention on study.
所有的学生都应该把注意力集中在学习上。
44. enjoy v. 从……中获得乐趣
e.g. It's a great treat to enjoy such beautiful music.
听这样美妙的音乐简直就是一种享受。
enjoy doing sth. 乐于做某事，喜欢做某事
e.g. He enjoys swimming. 他喜欢游泳。
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴
e.g. I hope you will enjoy yourself here. 希望你在这玩的开心。
enjoy great popularity 享有盛誉
e.g. Our products enjoy great popularity at home and aboard.
我们的产品在国内外享有盛誉。
45. as well as… 既……又……
e.g. A teacher should entertain as well as teach.
教师不仅要教书，也要引起学生兴趣。
Tom as well as his friends is anxious to visit China.
汤姆和他的朋友都渴望访问中国。
注：as well as 与as well 意思相同，但as well 可用于句末，as well as 后面必须跟其它词语。
46. lift sb. up 鼓舞某人
e.g. When I feel depressed，she always lifts me up.
当我感到失落的时候，她总是会鼓励我。
同义词有：encourage ，inspire
47. keep sb. company 陪伴某人
e.g. He always keeps his wife company in his spare time.
他空闲的时候总是陪着他妻子。
48. not only… but (also)… 不但……而且……
e.g. He is not only a poet but also an artist.
他不仅是个诗人也是位画家。
The food not only smells good but also tastes delicious.
这食物不仅闻起来香，而且味道也不错。
49. serve as 当作，担任
e.g. These views serve as a guide in life.
这些观点可当作处世指南。
He was served as a general.
他被任命为将军。
50. extraordinary (英)[ɪkˈstrɔːdnri] (美)[ɪkˈstrɔːrdəneri] adj. 不普通的，非凡的
近义词：remarkable，particular，special
e.g. She is, in every way, an extraordinary singer.
从各方面看，她都是一位非常出色的歌唱家。
This is truly an extraordinary and historic accomplishment.
这真是非凡和历史性的成就。
51. assume (英)[əˈsjuːm] (美)[əˈsuːm] v. 假定，呈现，承担
e.g. Scientists assume there is no animal life on Mars.
科学家们假定火星上没有生命存在。
I assume that this is the best possible translation.
我认为这可能是最好的译文了。
The problem has assumed a new form.
这问题以新的方式出现了。
to assume an obligation承担义务
to assume responsibility/liability 承担责任
52. have an impact on 对……有影响
e.g. Indeed, higher food prices will have an impact on the food component of CPI in the months ahead.
实际上，在未来数月，食品价格上涨将会给CPI中的食品部分带来一定影响。
At the same time, the crisis will have an impact on China's imports.
同时危机还将对我国进口产生影响。
53. end up 结束；终于成为
e.g. The chairman finally ended up his speech.主席终于结束了演说。
He ended up as general manager of the company.
他最后成了这家公司的总经理。
end up doing/ end up with 以……而告终
e.g. Consumers end up bearing this extra cost.
消费者最终承担这笔额外成本。
Without your help, the experiment will end up with failure.
没有你的帮助，这实验将以失败告终。
54. be supposed to应该
e.g. We are supposed to be meeting at this weekend.
我们本来这周末要见面的。
He is supposed to arrive there at 7 o'clock.
他本来应该7点到那的。
55. creative (英) (美) adj. 有创造力的
e.g. She is very creative—she writes poetry and paints.
她极富创造力，既赋诗又作画。
Do you have any ideas? You are the creative one.
你有何高见？你是有创见的人。
其名词形式为：creativity；副词形式为：creatively
56. convince (英) (美) v. 使信服
e.g. You will need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.
你要使他们相信你殷切希望得到这份工作。
I'd convinced myself that I was right. 我相信自己是正确的。
convinced (英) (美) adj. 坚信，深信
e.g. I am convinced that she is innocent. 我坚信她是清白无辜的。
convincing (英) (美) adj. 令人信服的，有说服力的
e.g. She sounded very convincing to me. 我觉得她的话很有说服力。
57. as to 关于，至于
e.g. As to tax, that will be deducted from your salary.
至于税款，将从你的薪水中扣除。
As to the results, you will be informed three days later.
至于结果三天之后会通知你的。
58. attend (英)[əˈtend] (美)[əˈtend] v. 参加，出席
e.g. The meeting was attended by 90% of shareholders. 90%的股东出席了会议。
How many people attend church every Sunday?
每个星期天有多少人去教堂？
59. arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事
e.g. The manager arranged for him to pick their visitors up.
经理安排他去接他们的客人。
The teacher arranged some students to clean the classroom.
老师安排一些学生打扫房间。
60. insist on 坚持，强调
e.g. We insisted on a refund of the full amount.
我们坚决要求全额退款。
They insist on playing their music late at night.
他们坚持演奏音乐到深夜。
61. associate with与……联系在一起
e.g. I always associate the smell of baking with my childhood.
一闻到烘烤食物的味道我就想起了童年。
I don't like you associating with those people.
我不喜欢你和那些人混在一起。
62. fill with 充满
e.g. We were all filled with admiration for his achievement.
我们都十分敬佩他的成就。
Her eyes suddenly filled with tears.
她的眼里突然噙满了泪水。
63. have a negative view of… 对……有消极的看法
e.g. He has a negative view of this competition.
他对这次竞赛持消极的看法。
She had a negative view of her life last year but now she has changed her view.
去年她对自己的人生有一种消极的看法，不过今年已经改变了这种看法。
64. be familiar with… 熟悉……
e.g. He is familiar with the campus. 他对校园很熟悉。
Mike has been familiar with the operation of this machine.
迈克对这家机器的操作方法十分熟悉。
65. consist of 包括
e.g. The organization consists of 100 members.
这个组织包括100名成员。
Their diet consisted largely of vegetables.
他们的日常饮食以蔬菜为主。
66. on the contrary 相反
e.g. I thought she would be angry with me. On the contrary, she smiled and hugged me.
我以为她会生气，恰恰相反，她笑着拥抱了我。
67. take pride in 以……为骄傲
e.g. I take pride in my work. 我以我的工作为骄傲。
All the Chinese people take pride in the achievement in the past years.
所有中国人民都为过去几年取得的成就感到骄傲。
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