福师15秋《现代语言学》在线作业一二答案
福师15秋《现代语言学》在线作业一一、单选题：
1.( ) is the study of speech, focusing specially on the relation between discourse and its contexts. (满分:2)
A. Pragmatics
B. Discourse analysis
C. Dialectology
D. Morphology
2.( ) refers to a variety of language which is appropriate for a particular situation (满分:2)
A. register
B. Style
C. genre
D. Form
3.Which h of the following disciplines doen't belong to micro-linguistics? (满分:2)
A. Phonetics
B. Phonology
C. Morphology
D. Dialectology
4.( ) is the study of the structure and the formation of words in language. (满分:2)
A. Phonetics
B. Phonology
C. Morphology
D. Dialectology
5.( ) refers to the perceived regularity of prominent units in speech. (满分:2)
A. Loudness
B. Rhythm
C. Tempo
D. Tone
6.'Language has ( ) that distinguish it from other semiotic systems used by humans and animals. (满分:2)
A. function
B. design features
C. importance
D. performance
7.'The transformational generative grammar was proposed by( ). (满分:2)
A. Noam Chomsky
B. Jacobson
C. Haliday
D. Nida
8.( )refers to the juxtaposition of two elements which are semantically in opposition(or complementary) to each other (满分:2)
A. Collocation
B. Reiteration
C. Lexical cohesion
D. Coherence
9.( ) studies the ways words are combined to form sentences in a language . (满分:2)
A. Phonetics
B. Phonology
C. Morphology
D. Syntax
10.( ) refers to the sameness in meaning between two or more words. (满分:2)
A. Synonymy
B. Polysemy
C. Homonymy
D. Antonymy
11.( ) reference refers to the reference where the presupposed occurs in the text before the word or expression that is presupposing. (满分:2)
A. Exophoric
B. Anaphoric
C. Endophoric
D. Cataphoric
12.( )of language refers to the property of language in having the structure of two levels. (满分:2)
A. Arbitrariness
B. Genetic-cultural transmission
C. Non-arbitrariness
D. Duality
13.( ) is the study of the structure and the formation of words in language. (满分:2)
A. Phonetics
B. Phonology
C. Morphology
D. Dialectology
14.'Productivity is characterised by the feature of( ). (满分:2)
A. Arbitrariness
B. Genetic-cultural transmission
C. Non-arbitrariness
D. Duality
15.Which of the following disciplines doen't belong to micro-linguistics? (满分:2)
A. Phonetics
B. Phonology
C. Morphology
D. Dialectology
16.( ) is the study of the various aspects of the relation between language on the one hand and speakers and society on the other. (满分:2)
A. Pragmatics
B. Sociolinguistics
C. Syntax
D. Semantics
17.( ) is the first stressed syllable in the tone-unit. (满分:2)
A. pre-head
B. head
C. nuclear tail
D. nucleus
18.( ) refers to a variety of language which is appropriate for a particular situation (满分:2)
A. register
B. Style
C. genre
D. Form
19.( ) refers to regional phonological or phonetic distinctions in speech. (满分:2)
A. Accent
B. Dialect
C. Sentence
D. Utterance
20.The phones that can be grouped together as variants of one phoneme have to be( ) similar (满分:2)
A. phonetically
B. phonologically
C. sound
D. seem
21.( ) are a group of words and expressions that refer to the personal, temporal or spatial characteristics of the context within which a text is produced. (满分:2)
A. Nouns
B. Adjectives
C. Verbs
D. Deictics
22.'( )is a concretisation of the biological and sociological aspects of arbitrariness and non-arbitrariness of language (满分:2)
A. Arbitrariness
B. Genetic-cultural transmission
C. Non-arbitrariness
D. Duality
23.( )the main source of energy for speaking, initiating the airflow for speech, hence pulmonic airstream mechanism. (满分:2)
A. Mouth
B. Heart
C. Nose
D. Lung
24.( )the main source of energy for speaking, initiating the airflow for speech, hence pulmonic airstream mechanism. (满分:2)
A. Mouth
B. Heart
C. Nose
D. Lung
25.A( ) is one that may be used to distinguish one speech sound from another. (满分:2)
A. perfomation
B. feature
C. distinctive feature
D. function
三、判断题：
1.A constituent structure rule is one that governs selecting from the lexicon a lexical item and inserting it into a terminal node of a constituent structure as its daughter. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
2.A morphological rule is a rule that introduces the morph or allomorphs that match the morpheme concerned. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
3.Inflectional morphologyis concerned with the study of inflections of words in language. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
4.In speech sound production,lower part of the oral cavity are relatively stable and function as a foil to the upper part in its articulatory movements. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
5.Sentence is a unit in semantics and its meaning is formed on the principle of compositionality. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
6.Affixation changes the grammatical class of the word . (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
7.'Juncture refers to the features that help making a divisional contrast in meaning and that only involvespause. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
8.Phonemics intends to find out the sound system functioning in individual languages . (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
9.Linguistic competence refers to the ability based on the acquisition of the system of language use, regarding all the components of communicative events, together with attitudes and beliefs about them, and which may enable the speaker to participate in so (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
10.Endocentric compounding means the meaning of the compound cannot be inferred from the meanings of its componential free morphemes. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
11.Consonants are sounds made by a closure or narrowing somewhere in the vocal tract. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
12.'Field theory suggests that lexical meanings are not exclusive and mutually independent. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
13.Duality is a concretisation of arbitrariness and non-arbitrariness of language. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
14.Illocutionary force refers to the power that is conventionally associated with the expressions used in the locutionary act and that enables the speaker to execute the intended act through what he/she says. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
15.Transformation rules don't have to follow a set order. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
16.When a node directly descends from another, without any other nodes intervening, the hierarchical relationship between them is called immediate domination. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
17.Diachronic linguistics focuses on a particular phase in its development. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
18.Distinctive feature theories use the same set of distinctive features for classifying both consonants and vowels. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
19.Affix hopping refers to the bound morphemes in the verb group hop backward to join the following member in the verb group. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
20.Compared to phonetics, phonology is more concerned with the organisation of speech sounds in relation to the conveyance of meaning. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
21.An inflectional morpheme does not change the grammatical class of the word. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
22.Diphthong is treated as two vowels . (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
23.The arbitrariness of the relationship between the linguistic symbol and its referent distinguishes human language from animals’ languages. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
24.Substitution refers to the replacement of one item by another in the text and is concerned with the way substitutions realise the grammatical cohesion in the text. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
25.Lingua franca was originally used in Mediterranean commerce in the Middle Ages. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确福师《现代语言学》在线作业二
一、单选题：
1.( ) is the bit of spoken or written language that is produced and sent to the receiver in a specific context. (满分:2)
A. Word
B. Sentence
C. Utterance
D. Morpheme
2.( ) morpheme is a morpheme that contributes to the lexical meaning of the word. (满分:2)
A. Functional
B. Lexical
C. Grammatical
D. Performative
3.According to( ), language determines the framework of speaker’s perception and thought. (满分:2)
A. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
B. Positivist theory
C. Use theory
D. Speech Acts theory
4.( ) studies the ways words are combined to form sentences in a language . (满分:2)
A. Phonetics
B. Phonology
C. Morphology
D. Syntax
5.( ) is the bit of spoken or written language that is produced and sent to the receiver in a specific context. (满分:2)
A. Word
B. Sentence
C. Utterance
D. Morpheme
6.( )of language refers to the property of language in having the structure of two levels. (满分:2)
A. Arbitrariness
B. Genetic-cultural transmission
C. Non-arbitrariness
D. Duality
7.( )refers to the juxtaposition of two elements which are semantically in opposition(or complementary) to each other (满分:2)
A. Collocation
B. Reiteration
C. Lexical cohesion
D. Coherence
8.A( ) is one that may be used to distinguish one speech sound from another. (满分:2)
A. perfomation
B. feature
C. distinctive feature
D. function
9.( ) reference refers to the reference where the presupposed occurs in the text before the word or expression that is presupposing. (满分:2)
A. Exophoric
B. Anaphoric
C. Endophoric
D. Cataphoric
10.( ) is the science that studies how speech sounds are used in language to convey meanings. (满分:2)
A. Phonetics
B. Phonology
C. Morphology
D. Dialectology
11.( ) is the study of the meaning which is not included in semantics and whose interpretation is depe ndent on its social contexts. (满分:2)
A. Pragmatics
B. Phonology
C. Dialectology
D. Morphology
12.( ) is a minimal unit which is formally composed of meaningless linguistic symbols at the lower level of the language (满分:2)
A. Phoneme
B. Stress
C. Tempo
D. Morpheme
13.( ) is the study of the relation between language and mind, especially language acquisition and learning, and language comprehension and production. (满分:2)
A. Pragmatics
B. Phonology
C. Dialectology
D. Psycholinguistics
14.( ) is the first stressed syllable in the tone-unit. (满分:2)
A. pre-head
B. head
C. nuclear tail
D. nucleus
15.( ) is the study of the structure and the formation of words in language. (满分:2)
A. Phonetics
B. Phonology
C. Morphology
D. Dialectology
16.( ) are a group of words and expressions that refer to the personal, temporal or spatial characteristics of the context within which a text is produced. (满分:2)
A. Nouns
B. Adjectives
C. Verbs
D. Deictics
17.'( ) refers to the sameness in meaning between two or more words. (满分:2)
A. Synonymy
B. Polysemy
C. Homonymy
D. Antonymy
18.The phones that can be grouped together as variants of one phoneme have to be( ) similar (满分:2)
A. phonetically
B. phonologically
C. sound
D. seem
19.( ) is the study of the structure and the formation of words in language. (满分:2)
A. Phonetics
B. Phonology
C. Morphology
D. Dialectology
20.( ) is the scie nce that studies sounds (满分:2)
A. Phonetics
B. Phonology
C. Morphology
D. Dialectology
21.( ) refers to the sameness in meaning between two or more words. (满分:2)
A. Synonymy
B. Polysemy
C. Homonymy
D. Antonymy
22.( )of language refers to the property of language in having the structure of two levels. (满分:2)
A. Arbitrariness
B. Genetic-cultural transmission
C. Non-arbitrariness
D. Duality
23.A( ) is one that may be used to distinguish one speech sound from another. (满分:2)
A. perfomation
B. feature
C. distinctive feature
D. function
24.( ) refers to the speed of speech. (满分:2)
A. Loudness
B. Stress
C. Tempo
D. Tone
25.( ) is the study of the various aspects of the relation between language on the one hand and speakers and society on the other. (满分:2)
A. Pragmatics
B. Sociolinguistics
C. Syntax
D. Semantics
三、判断题：
1.Stress refers to the feature that is determined solely by the amplitude of the vibration of the sound-wave. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
2.Homonymy refers to the linguistic phenomenon that a word may be used in a number of different senses or is said to have a range of different meanings. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
3.'A constituent structure rule is one that governs selecting from the lexicon a lexical item and inserting it into a terminal node of a constituent structure as its daughter. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
4.Compared to phonetics, phonology is more concerned with the organisation of speech sounds in relation to the conveyance of meaning. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
5.Different language make use of the same set of speech sounds. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
6.The arbitrariness of the relationship between the linguistic symbol and its referent distinguishes human language from animals’ languages. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
7.Juncture refers to the features that help making a divisional contrast in meaning and that only involvespause. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
8.In speech sound production, lower part of the oral cavity are relatively stable and function as a foil to the upper part in its articulatory movements. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
9.Segmental phonologyis concerned with the phonological features(also known as prosodic features) that extend more one segment. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
10.English is a tone language. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
11.Sometimes bound morphemes can be used by themselves. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
12.Sense is the meaning that lies in the relation or contrasts among linguistic forms themselves. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
13.'Langue is the language system that speakers of the language conform to in their verbal communication. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
14.Hyponymy(p.226) refers to the sense relation between a more general word and a more specific word. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
15.Old speakers are more sensitive to the social significance of the style of their speech, showing their stronger intention to converge to or diverge from the listener. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
16.Arbitratiness contributes to language flexibility and versatility and makes it possible for language to be passed on from generation to generation. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
17.'The same conjunction may indicate different cohesive relation in different contexts. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
18.The same conjunction may indicate different cohesive relation in different contexts. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
19.'Utterance meaning is context-independent (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
20.'Duality makes it possible for second/foreign language learning (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
21.'Transformation rules don't have to follow a set order. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
22.Inflection means forming a new word by adding an element such as an affix. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
23.Constituent structure rules are generative. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
24.Whena node directly descends from another, without any other nodes intervening, the hierarchical relationship between them is called immediate domination. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
25.'Stress may play different functions in different languages. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
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