机车车辆专业英语第一二次作业答案
机车车辆专业英语第一次作业答案一、英汉互译：第一部分：将下列单词或词组译成汉语。1.地铁 2.快速轨道交通 3.货物列车 4.旅客列车 5.动车组 6.自动车钩 7.调车机车 8.牵引力 9.发电机 10.电枢 第二部分：将下列名词译成英文。11.converter 12.thyristor 13.high-speedrailways 14.freight cars， goods wagons ， trucks 15.maglev 16.EMU 17.motor car 18.coupler or coupling 19.passenger car , coach, carriage 20.electric locomotive 21.diesel locomotive 22.diesel-electric locomotive 23.pantograph 第三部分：将下列句子译成汉语。24.在英国，一列车由两台机车牵引的叫“双机牵引”，但是在加拿大和美国，经常会见到一列货车由三台或三台以上的机车牵引。25.车辆上安装有车钩以便将他们连接起来。26.列车可以由一台或几台机车以及机车牵引的车辆组成，列车也可以是自带动力的单元列车。27.DC是直流电流，沿导线朝一个方向流动。AC是交流电流，之所以这样称呼，是因为电流的方向要变化，首先沿导线朝一个方向流动，然后再朝另一个方向流动。28.机车是为列车提供动力的一种铁路车辆，其自身没有有效负载能力，其唯一的功能是使列车沿轨道运行。29.尽管电气化铁道的成本很高，与柴油机车相比，电力机车的运营成本则低得多。因其加速性能优良，又可以实现再生制动，所以电力机车是人口密度较高地区的理想客运工具。30.晶闸管是在二极管的基础上发展而来。与二极管相同，它也只允许电流朝一个方向流动，但不同的是，只有被触发以后，才允许电流通过。31.铁路货运最适合用来长途运载大量的货物。但对于短途或少量的货物则不太适合。32.大量的铁路车辆在其寿命周期中都可能有连接在一起的时候，因此保证车钩的互换性以及车钩在每辆车端部的标准位置就是明智之举。 二、用英文描述电力机车中下列各零部件的功能。33.A 3-phase AC motor is anelectric motor that is driven by the alternating current.34.Themain inverter is an electrical or electro-mechanical device that convertsdirect current (DC) to alternating current (AC).35.Themain transformer is a set of windings with a magnetic core used to step down orstep up the voltage from one level to another. 36.The main rectifier is used to convert AC supply into DC supply.37.A circuit breaker is used to isolate the power supply when there is afault, or for maintenance. 三、用英文描述电传动内燃机车中下列各零部件的功能。38.A diesel engine is the main power source for the diesel-electriclocomotive 39.Themain alternator is driven by the diesel engine. It generates AC electricitywhich is used to provide power for the traction motors mounted on the trucks.40.Anair compressor provides a constant supply of compressed air for the locomotiveand train brakes. 机车车辆专业英语第二次作业答案一、英汉互译：第一部分：将下列单词或词组译成汉语。1.副风缸 2.轮对 3.螺旋弹簧 4.冷藏车 5.转向架固定轴距 6.动力制动 7.罐车 8.铁道车辆 9.平车 10.电空制动 11.定员 12.棚车 13.二系弹簧悬挂 14.制动阀 15.再生制动 16.自重 17.行李车 18.电阻制动 19.空气弹簧 20.总风缸 第二部分：将下列名词译成英文。21.sleeping car 22.brake release 23.airbrake24.shock absorber 25.brake application 26.flange 27.main reservoir 28.coil 29.gondola 30.brake cylinder 31.bogie 第三部分：将下列句子译成汉语。32.每一车辆的制动作用由三通阀控制，之所以称为三通阀是因为它有三个功能：缓解、制动和保压。33.虽然铰接式转向架存在一些缺点，例如结构复杂，轴重增加，维修困难，但也有重心低，运行舒适性好和噪音影响小等诸多优点。34.行李车是一种旅客列车。它的功能是在旅客列车上运送旅客的行李。35.世界上绝大多数的列车都安装有制动系统，利用压缩空气产生的力推动闸瓦抱紧车轮或闸片紧贴制动盘。这种系统称之为“空气制动”或“气动制动”。36.按照悬挂装置，转向架可以分为铰接和非铰接转向架。37.为了确保客车良好的乘车舒适性，转向架必须吸收乘客最敏感的侧滚运动。 二、用英文描述高速转向架中下列各零部件的功能1.An air brake cylinder is provided for each wheelwhich can operate tread or disc brakes.2.Secondary suspension air bags are provided asthe secondary suspension system for most modern trains. The air is suppliedfrom the train's compressed air system.3.Shock Absorber is to reduce the effects ofvibration occurring as a result of the wheel/rail interface.4.The bogie frame accommodates various bogieequipments and is generally fabricated by welding together two side beams andtwo cross beams into an H-shaped frame, 5.Primary suspension coil is a steel coil spring,two of which are fitted to each axle box in this design. They carry the weightof the bogie frame and anything attached to it. 三、用英文描述空气制动系统中下列各零部件的功能6.Equalizing Reservoir is a small pilot reservoirused to help the driver select the right pressure in the brake pipe when makingan application.7.Brake Pipe runs the length of the train, whichtransmits the variations in pressure required to control the brake on eachvehicle. 8.The operation of thebrake on each vehicle is controlled by the triple valve, so called because ithas three functions - to release the brake, to apply it and to hold it at thecurrent level of application.
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