西南大学网络与继续教育学院课程考试 课程名称：(0849)《高级英语二》 考试时间：90分钟 满分：100分 一、单项选择题(本大题共15小题，每道题1.0分，共15.0分) 只能选择一个选项 1. It is true, of course, that all cars must have a width that is _____ by the traffic lanes, and must have proper brakes, lights, and so on. A.fitted B.accommodated C.elaborated D.created 2. The night was so _____ that the murderer was easily able to escape his pursuers. A.messy B.misty C.mild D.moist 3. Appetite is one of the senses that tells you that you want to bite into the world and taste its multitudinous flavours and juices. The figure of speech used here is __________. A.metaphor B.personification C.hyperbole D.metonymy 4. Many tourists were _____ by the city’s complicated traffic system. A.diverted B.degraded C.evoked D.ewildered 5. Prof. White, my respected tutor, frequently reminds me to _______ myself of every chance to improve my English. A.notify B.assure C.avail D.inform 6. The pastoral ideal connotes a _________ nature where conflict, danger, and tension are non-existent. A.benign B.rough C.capricious D.malicious 7. It is really one of the kindest yet most effective ways to_______ someone’s ardor. A.dampen B.dull C.depress D.deaden 8. By then, Miss Genovese had crawled to the back of the building, where the freshly painted brown doors to the apartment house ______ hope for safety. A.sent out B.took out C.held out D.gave out 9. In America they found beautiful and boundless land________ the taking — and they took it. A.at B.on C.in D.for 10. The play’s witty dialogue does nothing to __________ the absurdity of its plot. A.dodge B.redeem C.outweigh D.refrain 11. He must __________ his emotions, or let them out only on a very special occasion. A.ask for B.hold in C.bottle up D.call on 12. Airplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and even the __________ travelers are intimidated by them. A.apprehensive B.craven C.dominant D.hardened 13. When someone is touched, he or she immediately stops for an instant and wonders “What did that mean?” In such settings, “hands off” is the best policy because even a well-intentioned touch can be badly ________. A.misconceived B.misconstrued C.misplaced D.misapplied 14. Her effort to redecorate the big house kept her _____ for a whole week. A.occupied B.constrained C.restricted D.dominated 15. It is hours before you dare ______ into a baker’s shop again. A.dodge B.sit C.venture D.rob 二、阅读理解题(单选）(本大题共1小题，每道题20.0分，共20.0分) 根据篇章进行完形填空 Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an ___1___ should be made even before the choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, ___2___ , most people make several job choices during their working lives, ___3___ because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve ___4___ position. The “one perfect job” does not exist. Young people should ___5___ enter into a broad flexible training program that will ___6___ them for a field of work rather than for a single ___7___. Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans ___8___ benefit of help from a complete vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing ___9___ about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss ___10___. Some drift from job to job.Others ___11___ to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.One common mistake is choosing an occupation for ___12___ real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students – or their parents for them – choose the professional field, ___13___ both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal ___14___. The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a “White-collar” job is ___15___ good reason for choosing it as life’s work. ___16___, these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the ___17___ of young people should give serious ___18___ to these fields. Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants ___19___ life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security, others are willing to take ___20___ for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demand as well as its rewards. 1. Choose the best answer from the following choices. A.multitude B.majority C.minority D.mass 2. Choose the best answer from the following choices. A.the B.a C.no D.any 3. Choose the best answer from the following choices. A.opportunity B.chance C.purpose D.basis 4. Choose the best answer from the following choices. A.forever B.since C.furthermore D.therefore 5. Choose the best answer from the following choices. A.disregarding B.concerning C.considering D.following 6. Choose the best answer from the following chocies. A.with B.to C.without D.for 7. Choose the best answer from the following choices. A.their B.our C.your D.its 8. Choose the best anser from the following choices. A.leave B.make C.take D.fit 9. Choose the best answer from the following choices. A.their B.its C.our D.his 10. Choose the best answer from the following choices A.a lot B.little C.much D.few 11. Choose the best answer from the following choices. A. risks B.turns C.choices D. parts 12. Choose the best answer from the following choices. A.turn B.apply C.stick D.appeal 13. CHoose the best answer from the following choices. A.ambitions B.preferences C.tendencies D.requirements 14. CHoose the best answer from the following choices. A.company B.job C.means D.way 15. Choose the best answer from the following choices. A.largely B.entirely C.partly D.mainly 16. Choose the best answer from the following choices. A. appraisal B. proposal C. consideration D. suggestion 17. Choose the best answer from the following choices. A. without B.towards C. out of D. against 18. Choose the best answer from the following choices. A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Nevertheless D.However 19. CHoose the best answer from the following four choices. A.thereby B.however C.though D.therefore 20. Choose the best answer from the following choices. A.occupation B.identification C.accommodation D.entertainment 三、阅读理解题(单选）(本大题共4小题，每道题10.0分，共40.0分) Passage 3 The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (e. g. clothmaking, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Although the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon, the more important second stage was evident –– the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (eg. Electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant; if the family were to enjoy these fruits of industrialization, they would have to be obtained in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, probably less successful). Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of the horse-drawn carriage illegal an then impractical, and the appearance of television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassical model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second (and current) stage. 1. The reason why many production processes were taken over by the marketplace was that ______. A.the marketplace was more efficient with respect to these processes B.it was a necessary step in the process of industrialization C.it was troublesome to produce such goods in the home D.they depended on electricity available only to the market economy 2. It can be seen from the passage that in the second stage _____. A.whether new goods and services were produced by the home economy became irrelevant B.some traditional goods and services were not successful when provided by the home economy C.roducing traditional goods at home became socially unacceptable D.the market economy provided new goods and services never produced by the home economy 3. During the second stage, if the family wanted to consume new goods and services, they had to enter the marketplace ____. A.as customers B.as wage earner C.oth as workers and purchasers D.oth as manufacturers and consumers 4. Economic growth did not make it more flexible for the home economy to obtain the new goods and services because _____. A.the market for these goods and services was limited B.the family was not efficient in production C.it could not supply them by itself D.it was illegal for the home economy to produce them 5. The neoclassical model is basically a model of the first stage, because at this stage ______. A.the family could decide how to transfer production processes to the marketplace B.the family could rely either on the home economy or on the marketplace for the needed goods and services C.consumers relied more and more on the market economy D.many production processes were being transferred to the marketplace Passage 2 On the East Coast, and particularly in New England, the colonists farmed meager lands close to their communities and to safety. Every man was permanently on duty for the defense of his family and his village; even hunting parties went into the forest in force, rather like raiders than hunters, and their subsequent quarrels with the Indians, resulting in forays and even massacres, remind us that the danger was very real. A man took his gun along when he worked the land, and the women stayed close to their thick-walled houses and listed day and night for the signal of alarm. The towns they settled were permanent, and most of them exist today with their records of Indian raids, of slaughter, of scalpings, and of punitive counter-raids. The military leader of the community became the chief authority in time of trouble, and it was a long time before danger receded and the mystery could be explored. After a time, however, brave and forest-wise men drifted westward to hunt, to trap, and eventually to bargain for the furs which were the first precious negotiable wealth America produced for trade and export. Then trading posts were set up as centers of collection and the exploring men moved up and down the rivers and crossed the mountains, made friends for mutual profit with the Indians, learned the wilderness techniques, so that these explorer-traders soon dressed, at, and generally acted like the indigenous people around them. Suspicion lasted a long time, and was fed by clashes sometimes amounting to full-fledged warfare; but by now these Americans attacked and defended as the Indians did. For a goodly time the Americans were travelers, moving about the country collecting its valuables, but with little idea of permanence; their roots and their hearts were in the towns and the growing cities along the eastern edge. The few who stayed, who lived among the Indians, adopted their customs and some took Indian wives and were regarded as strange and somehow treasonable creatures. AS for their half-breed children, while the tribe sometimes adopted them they were unacceptable as equals in the eastern settlements. Then the trickle of immigrants became a stream, and the population began to move westward—not to grab and leave but to settle and live, they thought. The newcomers were of peasant stock and they had their roots in a Europe where they had been landless, for the possession of land was the requirement and the proof of a higher social class than they had known. In America they found beautiful and boundless land for the taking—and they took it. It is little wonder that they went land-mad, because there was so much of it. They cut and burned the forests to make room for crops; they abandoned their knowledge of kindness to the land in order to maintain its usefulness. When they had cropped out a piece they moved on, raping the country like invaders. The topsoil, held by roots and freshened by leaf-fall, was left helpless to the spring freshets, stripped and eroded with the naked bones of clay and rock exposed. The destruction of the forests changed the rainfall, for the searching clouds could find no green and beckoning woods to draw them on and milk them. The merciless nineteenth century was like a hostile expedition for loot that seemed limitless. Uncountable buffalo were killed, stripped of their hides, and left to rot, a reservoir of permanent food supply eliminated. More than that, the land of the Great Plains was robed of the manure of the herds. Then the plows went in and ripped off the protection of the buffalo grass4 and opened the helpless soil to quick water and slow drought and the mischievous winds that roamed through the Great Central Plains. There has always been more than enough desert in America; the new settlers, like overindulged children, created even more. 1. On the East Coast, why did the colonists farm the meager lands close to their communities? A.Because they felt safe near their settlement. B.Because they didn’t have enough people to cultivate more distant land. C.Because meager lands were easy to be plowed. D.Because they were too craven to be defeated by Indians. 2. The Americans traveled around the country in order to __________. A.find a better place to live B.trade with the Indians C.appreciate its beauty D.snatch its precious resources 3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A.The Americans knew that a person’s social status was determined by how much land he owned. B.The Americans hated the land because it was their enemy. C.The Americans sacrificed natural environment for national development. D.The Americans were denied the knowledge of kindness to the land. 4. What is the tone of the author? A.Sentimental B.Satiric C.Critical D.Appreciative 5. What is this passage mainly about? A.The relationship between the Americans and the land. B.The change of the power relationship between the Americans and the Indians. C.The history of American overseas colonization. D.Americans’ savagery and thoughtlessness with Indians. Passage 1 In the 1997 general-election campaign, “Education, Education” was Tony Blair’s pet phrase. Times change quickly. Education is going rapidly out of fashion. “Learning” (to be exact, “lifelong learning”) is New Labor’s new buzzword. The shift from “education” to “learning” reflects more than a change of language. It stems from both educational research and left-wing ideas. During the 1980s, British educationalists got some new American ideas. One was the notion that traditional examinations do not test the full range of people’s abilities. Another was the belief that skills are not necessarily learned from teachers in a conventional classroom. People can pick them up in all sorts of ways. All this echoed left-wing ideas that traditional teaching methods were not sufficiently adaptable to the needs of individual learners. Advocates of lifelong learning argue that it merely describes what has changed in education in the past decade. And there are now hundreds of schemes in which pupils learn outside the classroom.Until now, education has been changing from below. In the next few weeks, the government will help from above. One of its main projects for lifelong learning is about to begin its first pilot programmers. With funding of $ 44 million in its first year, it will coordinate a new network of “learning centers” throughout the country. Traditional institutions, such as schools and colleges, will provide training at some non-traditional places of learning, such as supermarkets, pubs, and churches, The theory is that in such places students will fell more at ease, and therefore will be better motivated than in a classroom. The new schemes allow consumers of education to exercise complete choice over where, what and when they learn. In the rest of the state-run education sectors, the government still seems to be committed to restricting choices as much as possible. If these programs succeed, they could improve the skills of Britain’s workforce. 1. According to this passage, the New Labor’s government ________. A.is reluctant to make large investments in education B.will set up many “learning centers” in Britain C.will continue to restrict choices in all the state-run education sector D.has not changed its educational policy 2. In the second paragraph, the writer suggests that __________. A.the notion of lifelong learning is only the result of educational research B.traditional exams can test the full range of people’s abilities C.pupils can learn little from teachers in a conventional classroom D.there are other ways for pupils to learn skills 3. It can be inferred from the passage that the new projects ________. A.will be carried out in the traditional institutions B.are started from below C.will allow students to have complete control over their learning D.have begun in the past decade 4. All the following statements are true EXCEPT that ______________. A.Traditional teaching methods cannot satisfy the needs of individual leaners B.Pupils can learn skills outside the classroom C.The new schemes are intended to improve the skills of Britain’s workforce D.Students will be better motivated in a classroom 5. According to the writer, the shift from “education” to “learning” __________. A.is not just a change of language B.is but a change of language C.reflects the government’s wish to restrict choices D.reflects the traditional ideas in education Passage 4 Ours has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employed, i. e, worked for somebody else Today only one out of five is not employed but working for himself. And when fifty years ago “being employed” meant working as a factory laborer or as a farmhand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a substantial formal education, holding a professional or management job requiring intellectual and technical skills. Indeed, two things have characterized American society during these last fifty years; middle-class and upper-class employees have been the fastest –growing groups in our working population-growing so fast that the industrial worker, that oldest child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the expansion of industrial production. Yet you will find little if anything written on what it is to be an employee. You can find a great deal of very dubious advice on how to get a job or how to get a promotion. You can also find a good deal of work in a chosen field, whether it be the mechanist’s trade or bookkeeping. Every one of these trades requires different skills, sets different standards, and requires a different preparation. Yet they all have employeeship in common. And increasingly, especially in the large business or in government, employeeship is more important to success than the special professional knowledge or skill. Certainly more people fail because they do not know the requirements of being an employee than because they do not adequately possess the skills of their trade; the higher you climb the ladder, the more you get into administrative or executive work, the greater the emphasis on ability to work within the organization rather than on technical abilities or professional knowledge. 1. It is implied that fifty years ago _______. A.the percentage of intellectuals working as employees was not so large as that of industrial workers. B.eighty per cent of American working people were employed in factories. C.the percentage of intellectuals in the total work force was almost the same as that of industrial workers. D.twenty per cent of American intellectuals were employees. 2. According to the passage, with the development of modern industry, _____. A.the proportion of factory laborers in the total employee population has decreased. B.factory laborers will overtake intellectual employees in number. C.employers have attached great importance to factory laborers. D.there are as many middle-class employees as factory laborers. 3. The word “dubious” (Line 2, Para. 2) most probably means _______. A.helpful B.valuable C.doubtful D.useful 4. According to the writer, professional knowledge or skill is _______. A.as important as the ability to co-operate with others in the organization. B.less important than awareness of being a good employee. C.more important than employer-employee relations D.as important as the ability to deal with public relations. 5. From the passage it can be seen that employeeship helps one _______. A.to develop his professional skill. B.to be more successful in his career C.to solve technical problems. D.to be more specialized in his field 四、综合分析题(本大题共1小题，每道题10.0分，共10.0分) 从以下所给词汇与短语中选择合适的表达填入相应的空格中。 1. Directions: There is a passage with 10 blanks. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of words and expressions given in the box given before the passage. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET. helpless rob merciless land-mad rapereservoir search crop out abandon expose It is little wonder that they went ____1___, because there was so much of it. They cut and burned the forests to make room for crops; they ____2___their knowledge of kindness to the land in order to maintain its usefulness. When they had ____3____ a piece they moved on,____4____the country like invaders. The topsoil, held by roots and freshened by leaf-fall, was left ____5___ to the spring freshets, stripped and eroded with the naked bones of clay and rock ___6___. The destruction of the forests changed the rainfall, for the ____7____ clouds could find no green and beckoning woods to draw them on and milk them. The _____8____ nineteenth century was like a hostile expedition for loot that seemed limitless. Uncountable buffalo were killed, stripped of their hides and left to rod, a ___9_____ of permanent food supply eliminated. More than that, the land of the Great Plains was ____10_____ of the manure of the herds. 1.land-mad,2.abandoned,3.cropped out,4.raping,5.helpless,6.exposed,7.searching,8.merciless,9.reservoir,10.robed. 五、翻译题(本大题共1小题，每道题15.0分，共15.0分) 1. I have often wondered at the savagery and thoughtlessness with which our early settlers approached this rich continent. They came at it as though it were an enemy, which of course it was. They burned the forests and changed the rainfall; they swept the buffalo from the plains, blasted the streams, set fire to the grass, and ran a reckless scythe through the virgin and noble timber. Perhaps they felt that it was limitless and could never be exhausted and that a man could move on to new wonders endlessly. Certainly there are many examples to the contrary, but to a large extent the early people pillaged the country as though they hated it, as though they held it temporarily and might be driven off at any time. 我常常在想，随着早期的定居者来到了这肥沃的土地上，野蛮和无知也跟随着到来。他们来到这里好像把这片土地当成了他们的敌人，事实上也是如此。他们焚烧森林，以至于改变了降雨；他们从草原上赶走了野牛，使溪流干涸，防火燃烧草地和不计后果的用大镰刀砍伐未使用过的珍贵的木材。可能他们认为这片土地是取之不竭的，因此一个人可能继续无止尽的破坏。确实这里有许多相反的例子，但是在很大程度上，早期的人们掠夺这片土地，似乎他们很恨她。似乎他们能暂时的控制她，并且随时他们都可以离开。 |
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